Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Ozlem Sengoz Sirin
Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey
Keynote: Latest technology in deformity surgery “Smart Correction®â€: First clinical outcome of 11 complex antebrachial deformity
Biography:
Ozlem Sengoz Sirin has completed her PhD in 2008 from Ankara University and postdoctoral studies from Mehmet Akif Ersoy University School of Veterinary Medicine. She was the coordinator and instructor of the first AOVET course in Turkey. Additionaly, she is working in the group of TINNET as a delegate of Turkey (TINNET is a European research network funded by the COST program under the Action number BM1306). She finished six important projects in her country and still she is dealing with two projects. She gives orthopedic training in her country. She is married and has two children.
Abstract:
With the progress of the technology every day in the field of medicine, new and successful results can be obtained both
in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as well as in treatment and prognosis. A flight simulator is inspired by
second-generation computer-assisted external fixators, which is described as Spatial Fixators. The complex deformities of the
precision of success of correction have been evaluated according to the revolution in the field of orthopedics and have been
rapidly evaluated in the nature of first generation external fixators. The revolutionary nature of spatial fixators can be used in
veterinary platform deformities, clinically complex approaches for patients routinely run for disposal. The aim of this study is
to examine and share the applicability of computer-assisted spatial fixators on animals, the advantages and / or disadvantages
considered during implementation, the adequacy and success of eliminating deformations, and the proposed new techniques,
results to be presented at the international platform. Multiple limb radiographs were taken from the patients and correction
plans were made by evaluating the deformities. All measurements were uploaded to the Click2Correct software program.
This data has been adapted to be used in operation with Radiographic Navigation Software. All analyses were planned and
patients were selected. Immediately postoperative radiograms were uploaded to the software system and a correction regime
was created. After the correction was completed, mechanical fixators were removed. Although there is no clinical study yet in
the literature, it has been concluded that spatial fixators can even fix complex antebrachial deformities. In dogs, especially in
complexes with antebrachial deformities, the ability to perform six-axis correction will be a great advantage. More extensive
work on the subject can be made.
Keynote Forum
Yusuf L Henuk
Sumatera Utara University, Indonesia
Keynote: Small-scale family poultry production systems and the their current developing status
Biography:
Yusuf L Henuk is a Professor in the Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at University of Sumatera Utara (USU), Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia.
He received a Bachelor’s degree (S1: ‘Sarjana’) from the Faculty of Animal Science, the University of Nusa Cendana from 1980-1984. He obtained Master’s in Rural Science (M.Rur.Sc.) from the University of New England from 1991 – 1995 and continued Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from the University of Queensland from
1998 – 2001. He participated in the courses of “Arabic Language” and mainly “Poultry Production and Health” from 15 January – 31 March 2008 organized by the Egyptian International Centre for Agriculture (EICA), Cairo, Egypt. He was a Visiting Professor to the Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, USA
(September – December 2010 & 2017). He was a prolific writer and has published many articles in international journals mainly on Poultry Science, e.g. World’s
Poultry Science Journal as well as international scientific meetings as such as 1st International Conference on Native Chicken (“Invited Speaker”: Khon Kaen-Thailand,23-25-02-2015); 5th International Conference on Sustainable Animal Agriculture for Developing Countries ((“Invited Speaker”: Pattaya, 27-30-10-2015); The
37th Malaysian Society of Animal Production (MSAP) Annual Conference (“Plenary Speaker”: Hatten Hotel, Mallaca, 1-3-6-2016); The 1st International Conference on Tropical Animal Science and Production (“Invited Speaker”: Ambassador Hotel, Bangkok, July 26-29, 2016; 25th World Poultry Congress (“Invited Speaker”:
China National Convention Center, Beijing, 05 – 09 September, 2016); The 3rd Animal Production International Seminar & The 3rd ASEAN Regional Conference on Animal Production 3rd APIS & 3rd ARCAP (“Keynote Speaker”: Royal Orchids Garden Hotel, Batu Malang, Indonesia, 19-21 October 2016); International Conference
on Plant Science & Physiology (“Keynote Speaker”: Avani Atrium Hotel Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand, 26-27 June 2017).
Abstract:
Chickens constitute about 90.55% of the poultry population and are, by far, the most important poultry species in all parts
of the world compared to other poultry species such as muscovy ducks, mallard ducks, pigeons, guinea fowl, geese, quail
and turkeys. The term “poultry” is therefore often used synonymously for chickens. Chickens are found everywhere around the
world; every culture knows them and how to husband them. Over the last decade, poultry population has grown spectacularly
throughout the world: 23% in developed and 76% in developing countries, respectively. The term “family poultry” used to
describe the full variety of small-scale poultry production systems that are found in rural, urban and peri-urban areas of
developing countries. It is used to describe poultry production that is practised by individual families as a means of obtaining
food security, income and gainful employment. Being called ‘Family poultry’, ‘Small-scale poultry’, ‘Small-holder poultry’,
‘Scavenging poultry’, or “Village poultry” the different systems of poultry rearing with various levels of intensification are now
adopted by poor, marginal as well as richer members of the society with intensification according to their economical status
and requirements. Small-scale poultry production can also be considered as less intensive or ‘alternative system’. There are
four broad well recognized small-scale poultry production systems. They are (1) Free-range extensive system, (2) Backyard
extensive system, (3) Semi-scavenging system, and (4) Small-scale intensive system. Characteristics of these systems met 14
criteria. Small-scale poultry production is everywhere in developing countries and has economic and social significance in the
rural areas. Hence, it can be used as a tool in the eradication of poverty, as a means of economic empowerment, as a way of
ensuring food security for rural families, as a vehicle for demonstrating the appropriate application of science and technology
to solving prob¬lems, and as a unique opportunity for technical cooperation among developing countries. In conclusion,
increased production of poultry, both commercial and small-scale production, is a vital contribution to food security at both
the household and community levels in many countries. Small-scale family poultry is thus a valuable asset to the local human
population in many countries located in the tropical and sub-tropical environments.
Keynote Forum
Patchima Sithisarn
Kasetsart University, Thailand
Keynote: Development of poultry welfare evaluation system related to post-mortem inspection practice in Thailand
Biography:
Patchima Sithisarn working as a lecturer at Kasetsart University. She has done her doctor of philosphy, Medical Virology at Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universitat Frankfurt. Her research interests are Zoonosis, Avian influenza. She has participated in various international conferences.
Abstract:
Current demand of poultry meat consumption increases intensely worldwide. In the past decades, poultry farming has changed
drastically in formats and the industry has grown significantly. Thailand shares the world’s top rank stakes of poultry meat
production both in domestic consumptions and in exports. Safety and quality of food from animals is the grand desire for veterinary
profession. Animal welfare protocol becomes a significant goal among animal production industries as it proves the high standard
of animal lives, proper handlings and the efficiency of the veterinary professions involved. Huge loads of work paradigm is on trials
for veterinary public health concerning the welfare evaluation system in order to express the actual dynamics of events occurred to
animals from farm to slaughterhouse particularly in the country with a variety of farming system and managements. The duck welfare
evaluation protocol related to post-mortem inspection practice was developed here for Thai practice by the harmonization of the
international standards and integrated it with the specified post-mortem inspection evaluation system. The five-freedom rules were
corresponding with the relevant post-mortem evaluation practice and the post mortem-welfare indicated pattern was analysed and
primarily established.
Break: 12:45-13:45
Keynote Forum
Imen Larbi
Pasteur Institut of Tunis, Tunisia
Keynote: Genotyping of avian influenza virus in Tunisia
Biography:
Imen Larbi earned her DVM from the Veterinary School of Tunis, and then MS. She completed a PhD degree in Virology from the Faculty of Sciences Tunis. Her research interest includes animal virology, poultry infectious pathogens and their control and epidemiological studies of avian influenza disease. She is involved in the national surveillance
of avian influenza research programs at the Institute Pasteur of Tunis.
Abstract:
The avian influenza virus is the causative agent of several severe influenza pandemics. In Tunisia in 2009, H9N2 strain type A has
affected the industrial poultry farms. The samples are collected between 2014, 2015 and 2016 from industrial poultry farms and
migratory birds. 500 samples were analyzed, 16 samples were positive by the ELISA-Ag. The samples retained for virological analysis and identified as H9N2 by conventional RT-PCR and real-time (RRT-PCR). Based on the nucleotide sequences of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), the phylogenetic study showed that our isolates belong to the G1 sublineage. The cleavage site of their
hemagglutinin showed two new motifs 332PSRSSR / GLF341, 332PSKSSR / GLF341, indicating the low pathogenic nature. The isolated strains during this work from migratory birds (Phoenicopterus roseus) and industrial breeding are similar to the Libyan strain about haemagglutinin and close to the Middle East for the neuraminidase. The substitution A333S and R336K, the two newly isolated avian influenza virus cleavage sites possess a pattern different from that observed in the other isolated Tunisian strains in 2010 and 2011, possessing the 332PARSSR/ GLF341 motif. A study in China showed that the A333S substitution increases the virulence of H9N2 strains in mice and chickens, which in turn are accentuated following the deletion induced in the neuraminidase stem. Examination of the hemagglutinin protein sequences shows that strains isolated have in common 3 sites of potential glycosylation which have not been described for strains isolated in previous years: 105NGT107, 298NST300 and 305NIS307. The amino acid sequence of hemagglutinin revealed the presence of Q234L substitution enabling the avian influenza strains to bind to α 2-6 receptors of human cells. The sequencing of the complete genome of the H9N2 influenza viruses is therefore will be done to better predict transmissions.The way in which the disease has been introduced in the country is still not understood and several studies are currently under way.
Keynote Forum
Selvinaz Yakan
Agrı Ibrahim Cecen University, Turkey
Keynote: The effects of hypericum perforatum and polihexanide in treatment of tissue loss wounds infected with Staphylococcuc aureus
Biography:
Selvinaz Yakan is an expert in Veterinary Surgery. She has completed her PhD at Kafkas University, and now she is working as Associate Professor at Agrı Ibrahim Cecen University Eleskirt Celal Oruc School of Animal Production, Animal Health Department, Agrı, Turkey. She focuses on pain, veterinary ophthalmology, wound healing, veterinary
anaesthesia and analgesia.
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to present the effects on wound healing of Hypericum perforatum and polihexanide use in tissue loss
wounds infected with Staphylococcuc aureus. The research was carried out on 48 adult female Wistar albino rats. Under general
anaesthesia, wounds were created with 1 cm skin incission on the back of all rats. After 24 hours, the injection was made to wound
with Staphylococcuc aureus suspension. After 48 hours, wound cultures were obtained for each rats. At Çukurova University Hospital,
Department of Microbiology, inoculation was performed instead of appropriate fattening. This procedure was repeated every 48
hours until culture results are obtained in reproduction. As soon as reproduction was detected in cultures, treatment began. Rats
were randomly separated in to 4 main groups each group consisted of 12 animals. Control group (burned but no topical agent), in the
Hypericum perforatum oil groups, 1 mL of Hypericum perforatum oil was administered via syringe to the wound, in the polihexanide
groups, 1 mL of polihexanid was administered via syringe to the wound, in the Hypericum perforatum oil and polihexanid groups
in which both Hypericum perforatum and polihexanide were applied a total of 1 mL was administered via syringe to the wound.
The changes in the diameter of the wounds and the clinical course were evaluated daily. Tissue samples were taken by punch biopsy
under anaesthesia at the 7th and 14th day and histopathological evaluations were obtained. This study showed that both Hypericum
perforatum and polihexanid are effective in treatment of tissue loss wounds infected with Staphylococcuc aureus in rats.
Keynote Forum
Damwesh Sila Daniel
Nakam Memorial School, Nigeria
Keynote: Rebranding Monogastrics (pig,poultry and rabbit) productions to boost agriculture as a panacea for poverty alleviation in Africa
Biography:
Damwesh Sila Daniel has completed his Master’s degree in Animal Production and Range Management with distinction in research in 2012 from Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola. In his first degree, he was awarded Chief (Mrs) Dorcas Alos prize for the best final year project in Animal Science in 2005/2006. He has been a Biology Instructor at Nakam Memorial School, Panyam, Nigeria and a member of Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN). He has published 4 papers in reputed journals and Supervisor for International Inventors Competition (I.E.Y.I., I.I.D.C.) in Indonesia, Thailand and Taiwan in 2007/2008.
Abstract:
Despite the gains that have been recorded in agricultural practices especially in the developed countries as a result of technological
advancement; Africa has remained a continent marked by poverty and food shortages even though majority of the African
people are farmers. One important relationship between animal husbandry and crop production is that the former produces manure
(organic fertilizer) through animal droppings or wastes which help to fertilize the soil for the latter. This is preferable to chemical
fertilizer which has been shown to have toxic effects on the soil, crops and to some extend on the consumers (animals and humans).
In addition, the natural taste of the crops is sometimes lost. It is on record that the cheapest and easy to procure animals that most
African people keep domestically are the monogastrics (Pig, Poultry and Rabbit) hence no matter how poor a family is it is very
common to keep at least one or two of these three monogastric types. One major disadvantage of keeping these non – ruminants is
the pollution caused by their wastes and urine which results in foul smell, accumulation of flies and disease outbreak. However, they
can thrive on easy to obtain feeds which include kitchen wastes, maize by-products, local brewing waste products etc., and converting
them generally into meat of high protein quality and calorific value. This paper examines the agricultural and economic advantages of
these animals in the African context, how to manage their negative impact and rebrand their production to alleviate poverty in Africa.
Keynote Forum
Osman Safa Terzi
Ankara University, Turkey
Keynote: The ABCs of feline arterial thromboembolism and two cases with two different clinical presentations
Biography:
Osman Safa Terzi has completed his Licence Program at the age of 23 years from Kirikkale University. He is working as Research Assisstant in Ankara University.
Abstract:
Arterial thromboembolism (ATE) in cats is mostly a complication of concurrent myocardial disease and frequently results
with euthanasia. From distal level of thrombus arterial circulation breaks down because of obstruction and vasoconstriction
of the collateral blood supply. Blood stasis in left atrium and endothelial dysfunction activates platelets and results as formation
of thrombus. Even new antithrombotic drugs are developed for humans there is no developmental study from pharmaceutical
companies for feline species. In this case report 2 cats suffering from ATE was observed until the day of death. Clinical examination,
ultrasonography, electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed. For anticoagulant therapy, heparin was administered
to one of the patients and enoxaparin sodium (low-molecular weight heparins) was administered to the other. Similar and different
clinical results between the two cases were evaluated. This p
Break: 15:45-16:05
Keynote Forum
Osman Safa Terzi
Ankara University, Turkey
Keynote: The ABCs of feline arterial thromboembolism and two cases with two different clinical presentations
Biography:
Osman Safa Terzi has completed his Licence Program at the age of 23 years from Kirikkale University. He is working as Research Assisstant in Ankara University.
Abstract:
Arterial thromboembolism (ATE) in cats is mostly a complication of concurrent myocardial disease and frequently results
with euthanasia. From distal level of thrombus arterial circulation breaks down because of obstruction and vasoconstriction
of the collateral blood supply. Blood stasis in left atrium and endothelial dysfunction activates platelets and results as formation
of thrombus. Even new antithrombotic drugs are developed for humans there is no developmental study from pharmaceutical
companies for feline species. In this case report 2 cats suffering from ATE was observed until the day of death. Clinical examination,
ultrasonography, electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed. For anticoagulant therapy, heparin was administered
to one of the patients and enoxaparin sodium (low-molecular weight heparins) was administered to the other. Similar and different
clinical results between the two cases were evaluated. This p
Keynote Forum
Dissaya Srinutiyakorn
Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
Keynote: The protective effects of trehalose on osmotic tolerance and quality of equine sperm during cold storage and cryopreservation
Biography:
Dissaya Srinutiyakorn has completed her Bachelor's degree in Biology (First-Class Honors with Gold Medal Award) from Chulalongkorn University, Thailiand. She got a scholarship in Science and Technology named “DPST” from the Government of Thailand since 2008. She received Young Scientist Award from the 8th FAOPS Congress and she went to Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology for 3 months to conduct the research in 2014. She is currently pursuing a Master’s degree in the field of
Animal Reproduction at Chulalongkorn University. She is interested in equine reproduction with the aim of improving equine sperm quality during cryopreservation.
Abstract:
In equine breeding program, subfertility of mares after insemination with frozen-thawed semen remains a major problem. Semen
cryopreservation is the best method to preserve semen with additional benefit to increase remotely genetic distribution. However,
sperm are exposed to extreme changes in temperature and extracellular fluid compositions during cryopreservation which potentially
cause the osmotic stress and membrane instability leading to the damage of sperm. Trehalose, a disaccharide sugar, protects plasma
membrane during dehydration and has been shown as an outstanding cryoprotective capability. Therefore, we aimed at investigating
the osmotic tolerance limits of equine sperm, the protective effects of trehalose on osmotic tolerance and the quality of equine sperm
before and after freezing and thawing. Equine ejaculated semen (n=14) was collected from six stallions. Results showed the average
of motility and plasma membrane integrity of equine sperm were significantly lower in hypo- (150 mOsm/kg) and hyperosmolarity
(450, 600 and 750 mOsm/kg) when compared to iso-osmolarity (300 mOsm/kg). Moreover, these parameters were worsen when
osmolarities were increased. This data indicated that equine sperm had limited osmotic tolerance. Pre-incubation of sperm with 100
mM trehalose improved sperm motility, viability and membrane integrity when exposed to aniosmotic conditoins (450, 600 and 750
mOsm/kg) (P<0.05). These results, therefore, demonstrated that trehalose enhanced osmotic tolerance of equine sperm. In addition,
supplementation of trehalose into semen extender also increased sperm qualities (sperm motility, viability and membrane integrity)
after cooling and cryopreservation when compared with control (no trehalose) (P<0.05). It
Keynote Forum
Alessandro Di Cerbo
University G d`Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Keynote: Antibiotic residues-related adverse food reactions in dogs fed on commercially available pet food
Biography:
Alessandro Di Cerbo obtained his Bachelor’s degree in Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies at University Vita-salute San Raffaele (Milan, Italy) in 2005. In 2007, he achieved the Master’s degree in Medical Biotechnologies at University of Modena (Italy) and in 2011 obtained the title of PhD in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology at the same University. In 2016, he got the Specialization in Clinical Biochemistry at University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti (Italy). His scientific activities are highly interdisciplinary, ranging from nanotechnology to nanomedicine, microbiology, nutrition and translational medicine. He has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
In the last decades adverse food reactions were considerably increased in dogs and cats. We reported the onset of food intolerances
symptoms, including otitis, diarrhea, generalized anxiety, and dermatitis, in a cohort of 8 dogs consuming commercial diets. The
aim of this preliminary study is to possibly provide new insights in the idiopathic food intolerances with a particular focus on the
role of or their metabolites as possible triggering factors. All dogs were supplemented with an organic chicken-based diet for 15
days. Blood biochemical parameters, kibbles composition, oxytetracycline (OTC) serum concentration were performed before and after 15 days of organic chicken-based diet supplementation. We hypothesize that a chronic intake of contaminated food, enhanced
also by the presence of nanoparticles, might foster pharmacologic or idiopathic food intolerances. Biochemical analyses indicated a
significant increase in the alkaline phosphatase, from 41 to 52.5 U/L, after 15 days (**p<0.01), while a significant decrease in Gammaglutamyl transferase and urea, from 9.37 to 6.25 U/L and from 32.13±8.72 to 22.13±7.8 mg/dL, respectively, was observed (*p<0.05).A significant decrease in mean OTC serum concentration was also observed from 0.22 to 0.02 μg/mL (**p<0.01). We provided
clinical evidence of the presence of symptoms, which may occur in dogs fed on commercially available pet food diets. Nevertheless
we cannot rule out the possible combined pro-inflammatory activity exerted by nanoparticles, whose presence is almost unavoidable
during the overall production process.
- Oral Session
Location: Copa Room C
Chair
Yusuf L Henuk
Sumatera Utara University, Indonesia
Co-Chair
Ozlem Sengoz Sirin
Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey
Session Introduction
Patchima Sithisarn
Kasetsart University, Thailand
Title: Development of poultry welfare evaluation system related to post-mortem inspection practice in Thailand
Biography:
Patchima Sithisarn working as a lecturer at Kasetsart University. She has done her doctor of philosphy, Medical Virology at Johann Wolfgang Goethe - Universitat Frankfurt. Her research interests are Zoonosis, Avian influenza. She has participated in various international conferences.
Abstract:
Current demand of poultry meat consumption increases intensely worldwide. In the past decades, poultry farming has changed drastically in formats and the industry has grown significantly. Thailand shares the world’s top rank stakes of poultry meat production both in domestic consumptions and in exports. Safety and quality of food from animals is the grand desire for veterinary profession. Animal welfare protocol becomes a significant goal among animal production industries as it proves the high standard of animal lives, proper handlings and the efficiency of the veterinary professions involved. Huge loads of work paradigm is on trials for veterinary public health concerning the welfare evaluation system in order to express the actual dynamics of events occurred to
animals from farm to slaughterhouse particularly in the country with a variety of farming system and managements. The duck welfare evaluation protocol related to post-mortem inspection practice was developed here for Thai practice by the harmonization of the international standards and integrated it with the specified post-mortem inspection evaluation system. The five-freedom rules were corresponding with the relevant post-mortem evaluation practice and the post mortem-welfare indicated pattern was analysed and primarily established.
Imen Larbi
Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia
Title: Current demand of poultry meat consumption increases intensely worldwide. In the past decades, poultry farming has changed drastically in formats and the industry has grown significantly. Thailand shares the world’s top rank stakes of poultry meat production both in domestic consumptions and in exports. Safety and quality of food from animals is the grand desire for veterinary profession. Animal welfare protocol becomes a significant goal among animal production industries as it proves the high standard of animal lives, proper handlings and the efficiency of the veterinary professions involved. Huge loads of work paradigm is on trials for veterinary public health concerning the welfare evaluation system in order to express the actual dynamics of events occurred to animals from farm to slaughterhouse particularly in the country with a variety of farming system and managements. The duck welfare evaluation protocol related to post-mortem inspection practice was developed here for Thai practice by the harmonization of the international standards and integrated it with the specified post-mortem inspection evaluation system. The five-freedom rules were corresponding with the relevant post-mortem evaluation practice and the post mortem-welfare indicated pattern was analysed and primarily established.
Biography:
Imen Larbi earned her DVM from the Veterinary School of Tunis, and then MS. She completed a PhD degree in Virology from the Faculty of Sciences Tunis. Her research interest includes animal virology, poultry infectious pathogens and their control and epidemiological studies of avian influenza disease. She is involved in the national surveillance of avian influenza research programs at the Institute Pasteur of Tunis.
Abstract:
The avian influenza virus is the causative agent of several severe influenza pandemics. In Tunisia in 2009, H9N2 strain type A has affected the industrial poultry farms. The samples are collected between 2014, 2015 and 2016 from industrial poultry farms and migratory birds. 500 samples were analyzed, 16 samples were positive by the ELISA-Ag. The samples retained for virological analysis and identified as H9N2 by conventional RT-PCR and real-time (RRT-PCR). Based on the nucleotide sequences of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), the phylogenetic study showed that our isolates belong to the G1 sublineage. The cleavage site of their hemagglutinin showed two new motifs 332PSRSSR / GLF341, 332PSKSSR / GLF341, indicating the low pathogenic nature. The isolated strains during this work from migratory birds (Phoenicopterus roseus) and industrial breeding are similar to the Libyan strain about haemagglutinin and close to the Middle East for the neuraminidase. The substitution A333S and R336K, the two newly isolated avian influenza virus cleavage sites possess a pattern different from that observed in the other isolated Tunisian strains in 2010 and 2011, possessing the 332PARSSR/ GLF341 motif. A study in China showed that the A333S substitution increases the virulence of H9N2 strains in mice and chickens, which in turn are accentuated following the deletion induced in the neuraminidase stem. Examination of the hemagglutinin protein sequences shows that strains isolated have in common 3 sites of potential glycosylation which have not been described for strains isolated in previous years: 105NGT107, 298NST300 and 305NIS307. The amino acid sequence of hemagglutinin revealed the presence of Q234L substitution enabling the avian influenza strains to bind to α 2-6 receptors of human cells. The sequencing of the complete genome of the H9N2 influenza viruses is therefore will be done to better predict transmissions.The way in which the disease has been introduced in the country is still not understood and several studies are currently under way.
Selvinaz Yakan
Agrı Ibrahim Cecen University, Turkey
Title: The effects of hypericum perforatum and polihexanide in treatment of tissue loss wounds infected with Staphylococcuc aureus
Biography:
Selvinaz Yakan is an expert in Veterinary Surgery. She has completed her PhD at Kafkas University, and now she is working as Associate Professor at Agrı Ibrahim Cecen University Eleskirt Celal Oruc School of Animal Production, Animal Health Department, Agrı, Turkey. She focuses on pain, veterinary ophthalmology, wound healing, veterinary
anaesthesia and analgesia.
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to present the effects on wound healing of Hypericum perforatum and polihexanide use in tissue loss wounds infected with Staphylococcuc aureus. The research was carried out on 48 adult female Wistar albino rats. Under general anaesthesia, wounds were created with 1 cm skin incission on the back of all rats. After 24 hours, the injection was made to wound with Staphylococcuc aureus suspension. After 48 hours, wound cultures were obtained for each rats. At Çukurova University Hospital, Department of Microbiology, inoculation was performed instead of appropriate fattening. This procedure was repeated every 48 hours until culture results are obtained in reproduction. As soon as reproduction was detected in cultures, treatment began. Rats were randomly separated in to 4 main groups each group consisted of 12 animals. Control group (burned but no topical agent), in the Hypericum perforatum oil groups, 1 mL of Hypericum perforatum oil was administered via syringe to the wound, in the polihexanide groups, 1 mL of polihexanid was administered via syringe to the wound, in the Hypericum perforatum oil and polihexanid groups in which both Hypericum perforatum and polihexanide were applied a total of 1 mL was administered via syringe to the wound. The changes in the diameter of the wounds and the clinical course were evaluated daily. Tissue samples were taken by punch biopsy under anaesthesia at the 7th and 14th day and histopathological evaluations were obtained. This study showed that both Hypericum perforatum and polihexanid are effective in treatment of tissue loss wounds infected with Staphylococcuc aureus in rats.
Damwesh Sila Daniel
Nakam Memorial School, Nigeria
Title: Rebranding Monogastrics (pig,poultry and rabbit) productions to boost agriculture as a panacea for poverty alleviation in Africa
Biography:
Damwesh Sila Daniel has completed his Master’s degree in Animal Production and Range Management with distinction in research in 2012 from Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola. In his first degree, he was awarded Chief (Mrs) Dorcas Alos prize for the best final year project in Animal Science in 2005/2006. He has been a Biology Instructor at Nakam Memorial School, Panyam, Nigeria and a member of Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN). He has published 4 papers in reputed journals and Supervisor for International Inventors Competition (I.E.Y.I., I.I.D.C.) in Indonesia, Thailand and Taiwan in 2007/2008.
Abstract:
Despite the gains that have been recorded in agricultural practices especially in the developed countries as a result of technological advancement; Africa has remained a continent marked by poverty and food shortages even though majority of the African people are farmers. One important relationship between animal husbandry and crop production is that the former produces manure (organic fertilizer) through animal droppings or wastes which help to fertilize the soil for the latter. This is preferable to chemical fertilizer which has been shown to have toxic effects on the soil, crops and to some extend on the consumers (animals and humans).In addition, the natural taste of the crops is sometimes lost. It is on record that the cheapest and easy to procure animals that most African people keep domestically are the monogastrics (Pig, Poultry and Rabbit) hence no matter how poor a family is it is very common to keep at least one or two of these three monogastric types.
Osman Safa Terzi
Ankara University, Turkey
Title: The ABCs of feline arterial thromboembolism and two cases with two different clinical presentations
Biography:
Osman Safa Terzi has completed his Licence Program at the age of 23 years from Kirikkale University. He is working as Research Assisstant in Ankara University.
Abstract:
Arterial thromboembolism (ATE) in cats is mostly a complication of concurrent myocardial disease and frequently results with euthanasia. From distal level of thrombus arterial circulation breaks down because of obstruction and vasoconstriction of the collateral blood supply. Blood stasis in left atrium and endothelial dysfunction activates platelets and results as formation of thrombus. Even new antithrombotic drugs are developed for humans there is no developmental study from pharmaceutical companies for feline species. In this case report 2 cats suffering from ATE was observed until the day of death. Clinical examination, ultrasonography, electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed. For anticoagulant therapy, heparin was administered to one of the patients and enoxaparin sodium (low-molecular weight heparins) was administered to the other. Similar and different clinical results between the two cases were evaluated.
Osman Safa Terzi
Ankara University, Turkey
Title: The ABCs of feline arterial thromboembolism and two cases with two different clinical presentations
Biography:
Osman Safa Terzi has completed his Licence Program at the age of 23 years from Kirikkale University. He is working as Research Assisstant in Ankara University.
Abstract:
Arterial thromboembolism (ATE) in cats is mostly a complication of concurrent myocardial disease and frequently results with euthanasia. From distal level of thrombus arterial circulation breaks down because of obstruction and vasoconstriction of the collateral blood supply. Blood stasis in left atrium and endothelial dysfunction activates platelets and results as formation of thrombus. Even new antithrombotic drugs are developed for humans there is no developmental study from pharmaceutical companies for feline species. In this case report 2 cats suffering from ATE was observed until the day of death. Clinical examination, ultrasonography, electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed. For anticoagulant therapy, heparin was administered to one of the patients and enoxaparin sodium (low-molecular weight heparins) was administered to the other. Similar and different clinical results between the two cases were evaluated.
Dissaya Srinutiyakorn
Chulalongkorn University, Thailand
Title: The protective effects of trehalose on osmotic tolerance and quality of equine sperm during cold storage and cryopreservation
Biography:
Dissaya Srinutiyakorn has completed her Bachelor's degree in Biology (First-Class Honors with Gold Medal Award) from Chulalongkorn University, Thailiand. She got a scholarship in Science and Technology named “DPST” from the Government of Thailand since 2008. She received Young Scientist Award from the 8th FAOPS Congress and she went to Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology for 3 months to conduct the research in 2014. She is currently pursuing a Master’s degree in the field of Animal Reproduction at Chulalongkorn University. She is interested in equine reproduction with the aim of improving equine sperm quality during cryopreservation.
Abstract:
In equine breeding program, subfertility of mares after insemination with frozen-thawed semen remains a major problem. Semen cryopreservation is the best method to preserve semen with additional benefit to increase remotely genetic distribution. However, sperm are exposed to extreme changes in temperature and extracellular fluid compositions during cryopreservation which potentially cause the osmotic stress and membrane instability leading to the damage of sperm. Trehalose, a disaccharide sugar, protects plasma membrane during dehydration and has been shown as an outstanding cryoprotective capability. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the osmotic tolerance limits of equine sperm, the protective effects of trehalose on osmotic tolerance and the quality of equine sperm before and after freezing and thawing. Equine ejaculated semen (n=14) was collected from six stallions. Results showed the average of motility and plasma membrane integrity of equine sperm were significantly lower in hypo- (150 mOsm/kg) and hyperosmolarity
(450, 600 and 750 mOsm/kg) when compared to iso-osmolarity (300 mOsm/kg). Moreover, these parameters were worsen when osmolarities were increased. This data indicated that equine sperm had limited osmotic tolerance. Pre-incubation of sperm with 100 mM trehalose improved sperm motility, viability and membrane integrity when exposed to aniosmotic conditoins (450, 600 and 750 mOsm/kg) (P<0.05). These results, therefore, demonstrated that trehalose enhanced osmotic tolerance of equine sperm. In addition, supplementation of trehalose into semen extender also increased sperm qualities (sperm motility, viability and membrane integrity) after cooling and cryopreservation when compared with control (no trehalose) (P<0.05).
Alessandro Di Cerbo
University G d`Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
Title: In equine breeding program, subfertility of mares after insemination with frozen-thawed semen remains a major problem. Semen cryopreservation is the best method to preserve semen with additional benefit to increase remotely genetic distribution. However, sperm are exposed to extreme changes in temperature and extracellular fluid compositions during cryopreservation which potentially cause the osmotic stress and membrane instability leading to the damage of sperm. Trehalose, a disaccharide sugar, protects plasma membrane during dehydration and has been shown as an outstanding cryoprotective capability. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the osmotic tolerance limits of equine sperm, the protective effects of trehalose on osmotic tolerance and the quality of equine sperm before and after freezing and thawing. Equine ejaculated semen (n=14) was collected from six stallions. Results showed the average of motility and plasma membrane integrity of equine sperm were significantly lower in hypo- (150 mOsm/kg) and hyperosmolarity (450, 600 and 750 mOsm/kg) when compared to iso-osmolarity (300 mOsm/kg). Moreover, these parameters were worsen when osmolarities were increased. This data indicated that equine sperm had limited osmotic tolerance. Pre-incubation of sperm with 100 mM trehalose improved sperm motility, viability and membrane integrity when exposed to aniosmotic conditoins (450, 600 and 750 mOsm/kg) (P<0.05). These results, therefore, demonstrated that trehalose enhanced osmotic tolerance of equine sperm. In addition, supplementation of trehalose into semen extender also increased sperm qualities (sperm motility, viability and membrane integrity) after cooling and cryopreservation when compared with control (no trehalose) (P<0.05). It
Biography:
Alessandro Di Cerbo obtained his Bachelor’s degree in Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies at University Vita-salute San Raffaele (Milan, Italy) in 2005. In 2007, he achieved the Master’s degree in Medical Biotechnologies at University of Modena (Italy) and in 2011 obtained the title of PhD in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology at the same University. In 2016, he got the Specialization in Clinical Biochemistry at University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti (Italy). His scientific activities are highly interdisciplinary, ranging from nanotechnology to nanomedicine, microbiology, nutrition and translational medicine. He has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
In the last decades adverse food reactions were considerably increased in dogs and cats. We reported the onset of food intolerances symptoms, including otitis, diarrhea, generalized anxiety, and dermatitis, in a cohort of 8 dogs consuming commercial diets. The aim of this preliminary study is to possibly provide new insights in the idiopathic food intolerances with a particular focus on the
role of or their metabolites as possible triggering factors. All dogs were supplemented with an organic chicken-based diet for 15 days. Blood biochemical parameters, kibbles composition, oxytetracycline (OTC) serum concentration were performed before and after 15 days of organic chicken-based diet supplementation. We hypothesize that a chronic intake of contaminated food, enhanced also by the presence of nanoparticles, might foster pharmacologic or idiopathic food intolerances. Biochemical analyses indicated a significant increase in the alkaline phosphatase, from 41 to 52.5 U/L, after 15 days (**p<0.01), while a significant decrease in Gammaglutamyl transferase and urea, from 9.37 to 6.25 U/L and from 32.13±8.72 to 22.13±7.8 mg/dL, respectively, was observed (*p<0.05).A significant decrease in mean OTC serum concentration was also observed from 0.22 to 0.02 μg/mL (**p<0.01). We provided clinical evidence of the presence of symptoms, which may occur in dogs fed on commercially available pet food diets. Nevertheless we cannot rule out the possible combined pro-inflammatory activity exerted by nanoparticles, whose presence is almost unavoidable during the overall production process.
- Poster Presentation
Location: Las Vegas, USA
Chair
Patchima Sithisarn
Kasetsart University, Thailand
Co-Chair
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Session Introduction
Nadine Al-Jumaa
Agricultural Ministry of Iraq, Iraq
Title: Effect of sitagliptin on serum lipid profile in male rabbits exposed to 1% Hydrogen peroxide-fructose
Biography:
Nadine Al-Jumaa is a veterinarian working as a supervisor and a mentor at the Major Iraqi Poultry Projects Department- the Ministry of Agriculture of Iraq. She has completed her master’s degree in Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry from College of Veterinary Medicine-University of Baghdad in 2015. She has completed the bachelor degree in Veterinary Medicine and Surgery in 2009 from College of Veterinary Medicine- University of Baghdad too. Her Masters project was about anti-diabetic medicine, and she is willing to do more researches related with the humans-animals health in the future.
Abstract:
This study was designed to evaluate the hypolipidimic effect of sitagliptin in Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)/fructose_ exposed male rabbits. Twenty one (21) adult male rabbits were randomly and equally divided into three groups (T1, T2 and T3) and were treated for 45 days as follows: Group T1 (Control group), rabbits in groups T2 and T3 were given 40% fructose -1% H2O2 in drinking water. In addition to fructose and H2O2, 1.5mg/kg. B.W of sitagliptin were administered orally to rabbits in group (T3). Fasting (8-12 hrs) blood samples were collected by heart puncture technique at 0, 45 days of the experiment for measuring a- Total cholesterol (TC), Triacylglycerol (TAG) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein-cholisterol (VLDL-C) concentration. In addition to measuring body weight and waist circumference weekly as marker for central obesity. The results revealed that exposure of rabbits to 40% fructose -1% H2O2 in drinking water (T2 group) caused a case of dyslipidemia manifested by ( a significant elevation in serum (TC), (TAG), (LDL-C) and (VLDL-C) concentration. In addition to depression (HDL-C) concentration and a significant elevation in body weight and waist circumference. Hypolipidimic
effect of sitagliptin, was clarified in group (T3), manifested by restoring of previous parameters leading to correction the case of dyslipidemia, body wheat and central obesity. In conclusion, the results of this study confirm the to the ameliorative role of Sitagliptin against deleterious effect of fructose/ H2O2 in adult male rabbits.
Ozlem Sengoz Sirin,
Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey
Title: Does acoustic trauma occur in pointers due to firearm noise? A prospective study
Biography:
Ozlem Sengoz Sirin has completed his PhD in 2008 from Ankara University and Postdoctoral studies from Mehmet Akif Ersoy University School of Veterinary Medicine. She was the Coordinator and Instructor of the first AOVET course in Turkey. Additionaly, she is working in group of TINNET as a delegate of Turkey (TINNET is a European research network funded by the COST program under the Action number BM1306). She finished six important projects in her country and still she is dealing with two projects and provides orthopedic trainings in her country.
Abstract:
With the increasing importance of health given to pet animals by the owners, the expectations from veterinary surgeons are increasing. The objective of the study is to meet the requests depending on, to a large extend, the examinations, which will facilitate the diagnosis by using improved technology and determine the prognosis. Accepted in veterinary neurology as noninvasive advanced diagnostic techniques, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT) and Electrodiagnostic testing are gradually becoming widespread. When the diagnostic tests are applied in addition to signalement, anamnesis, physical and neurological examinations that are fundamental in a neurological study, they provide avoidance from invasive applications, determination of the prognosis and support or confirmation of suspected neuroanatomical diagnosis before starting treatment. BAEP test can be used safely for examination of the brain stem auditory pathways of transmission that cannot be reached by other test procedures. In this study, we aimed to investigate hunting dogs used with normal neurological and video otoscopic examination results, whether acoustic trauma caused by firearm noise can be diagnosed by BAEP. For this purpose, hunting dogs with normal neurologic, video otoscopic and tympanometric examination results and have never been used for hunting is used to obtain reference BAEP values. While tympanometric pressure values of Acoustic Trauma Group (ATG) cases were higher than that in Control Group (CG), they were found to be in normal range (ATG left: 35.63±38.79/right: 34.00±38.25; CG left: -23.90±44.30/ right: -29.20±36.87 daPa). BAEP records were saved using both click and tone burst stimuli. Records were taken at the frequencies of 0.5 kHz–1 kHz– 2 kHz–4 kHz–6 kHz–8 kHz with tone burst stimulus.
T Bakula
University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Title: The efficacy of a deodorizing biopreparation in poultry farming
Biography:
T Bakula, Habilitated Doctor, is employed at the Department of Veterinary Prevention and Feed Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland. He is the Director of the Biodefense Laboratory. His main area of research interest is biosafety in food and feed production. He has published over 60 scientific articles in international journals and over 150 other papers.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to determine whether the deodoric® biopreparation (a mixture of microorganisms on a mineral carrier, in loose form) can minimize odor from deep litter poultry houses, and improve sanitation and hygiene standards, i.e. contribute to eliminating pathogenic microorganisms and reducing microbial contamination. The experiment was performed on laying hens, broiler chickens and turkeys. Experimental and control groups of equal size were kept under identical housing, management, microclimate and feeding conditions. Stocking density met the relevant requirements. The biopreparation was applied to the litter once a week, at 170 g per m2 in layer and broiler houses, and at 180 g per m2 in turkey houses. The emissions of odorous gases,
including ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, were measured. The tested biopreparation alleviated the effect of indoor environmental conditions on atmospheric ammonia concentrations in a layer house, and significantly reduced ammonia levels in broiler chicken and turkey houses. An analysis of growth performance data revealed that higher ammonia emissions in the control group could adversely affect the body weights of laying hens, the number of eggs laid, and laying performance, in comparison with the experimental group. Litter samples and swabs collected from the feet, sternum, beak, trachea and air sacs were subjected to microbiological analyses, which confirmed that microbial counts decreased in the litter and swabs. Blood immunological, biochemical and hematological parameters were determined, and a histological analysis was performed after slaughter. The results demonstrated that the analyzed biopreparation had no negative influence on the health status of birds. It was also found that the application of the biopreparation to the litter increased the fertilizer value of poultry manure.
- Oral Session
Location: Las Vegas, USA
Chair
Yusuf L Henuk
Sumatera Utara University, Indonesia
Co-Chair
Ozlem Sengoz Sirin
Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Turkey
Session Introduction
Amjad Khan
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
Title: A matched case-control study of risk factors for equine influenza epidemic 2015- 2016 in equine in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Biography:
Amjad Khan has completed his PhD from the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. He is currently a Research Associate working in a project on surveillance of influenza viruses in Pakistan. He has published more than 20 research articles in peer reviewed journals. He has also worked in the Gluck equine research Center University of Kentucky under the supervision of Professor Thomas M. Chambers in his laboratory on equine infleunza viruses.
Abstract:
Equine influenza in non-vaccinated equine population causes disruption and economic losses. To identify the risk factors associated with the equine influenza epidemics in equids in Pakistan, a 1:1 matched case control study was conducted during 2015-2016, including laboratory confirmed 197 positive cases and negative controls, matched on the basis of geography, time of sampling, species and age. A piloted questionnaire was used to obtain the information about the risk factors associated with the occurrence of equine influenza in face to face interviews. Conditional logistic regression was performed to analyze the data. A total of 16 out of 23 variables were found associated as risk factors on univariate conditional logistic regression. Multivariate conditional logistic-regression model was also performed. The key potential risk factors identified in this model were local equine density and manure removal frequency. Due to lack of vaccination against equine influenza; the spread of disease is favored by high local equine density. Investigating the index-case it was recorded that infected cases were imported from Afghanistan. Most of these risk factors related to biosecurity and management were due to the low awareness level regarding equine influenza amongst the respondents. These findings are in line with the results of many other studies identifying similar risk factors for equine influenza infection in various countries.
Amjad Khan
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
Title: A matched case-control study of risk factors for equine influenza epidemic 2015- 2016 in equine in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Biography:
Amjad Khan has completed his PhD from the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. He is currently a Research Associate working in a project on surveillance of influenza viruses in Pakistan. He has published more than 20 research articles in peer reviewed journals. He has also worked in the Gluck equine research Center University of Kentucky under the supervision of Professor Thomas M. Chambers in his laboratory on equine infleunza viruses.
Abstract:
Equine influenza in non-vaccinated equine population causes disruption and economic losses. To identify the risk factors associated with the equine influenza epidemics in equids in Pakistan, a 1:1 matched case control study was conducted during 2015-2016, including laboratory confirmed 197 positive cases and negative controls, matched on the basis of geography, time of sampling, species and age. A piloted questionnaire was used to obtain the information about the risk factors associated with the occurrence of equine influenza in face to face interviews. Conditional logistic regression was performed to analyze the data. A total of 16 out of 23 variables were found associated as risk factors on univariate conditional logistic regression. Multivariate conditional logistic-regression model was also performed. The key potential risk factors identified in this model were local equine density and manure removal frequency. Due to lack of vaccination against equine influenza; the spread of disease is favored by high local equine density. Investigating the index-case it was recorded that infected cases were imported from Afghanistan. Most of these risk factors related to biosecurity and management were due to the low awareness level regarding equine influenza amongst the respondents. These findings are in line with the results of many other studies identifying similar risk factors for equine influenza infection in various countries.
Osman Safa Terzi
Ankara University, Turkey
Title: Pleural effusion without respiratory signs: A case report
Biography:
Osman Safa Terzi has completed his licence program from Kirikkale University. He is working as Research Assisstant in Ankara University.
Abstract:
Pleural effusion, an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the pleural cavity, usually affects cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Bella, three-year-old intact female Irish setter, was seen by primary veterinarian for lethargy, fatigue and wobbling, and was treated for lung edema a month ago. Then she was referred to Clinical Service of Internal Medicine at the faculty of veterinary medicine, Ankara University. Physical examination revealed lethargy, ataxia, incoordination and anorexia. CBC was unremarkable except low HCT. On ultrasonography, pleural effusion was determined and then aspiration followed. Cytological examination revealed mainly RBC and WBC’s. Based on echocardiography and electrocardiography examinations, stage B1 of cardiovascular disease was
diagnosed according to guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of canine chronic valvular heart disease by American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) specialty of cardiology consensus in 2009. Although Bella was treated as inpatient for 2 weeks with diuretics, steroids, and antibiotics, prognosis was guarded due to weight loss and large amount of pleural effusion drained about seven liters. However, there was no clinical symptoms of respiratory system. On declined exploratory surgery and elected human euthanasia. Necropsy revealed only diaphragmatic hernia. Cases with persistent pleural effusion, but without respiratory signs should be ruled out/in for diaphragmatic hernia.
Selvinaz Yakan
Agrı Ibrahim Cecen University, Turkey
Title: Changes in antioxidant parameters in calves with arthritis
Biography:
Selvinaz Yakan is an expert Veterinary Surgery. She has completed her PhD at Kafkas University, and now she is working as Associate Professor at AÄŸrı Ä°brahim Çeçen University EleÅŸkirt Celal Oruç School of Animal Production, Animal Health Department, AÄŸrı, Turkey. She focuses on Veterinary Ophthalmology, wound healing, pain, veterinary
anaesthesia and analgesia.
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to determine the changes in antioxidant parameters in calves with arthritis. The research was carried out on 30 calves consisting of 15 calves with arthritis and 15 calves healthy calves aged between two weeks and two months in different breed and sex. In this study, clinical examination and synovial fluid analysis (volüme, color, viscosity, appearance, prosence of flocculants mass) were used in diagnosis of calves with aseptic and septic arthritis. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of the animals and were centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 10 minutes at +40C and the serum samples were obtained. The samples were maintained at -200C until analyses. Significant differences were determined in malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) between the groups. As a result, changes in the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant parameters in determining the efficacy of drugs to be applied in the treatment of arthritis in calves will be guiding.
Amjad Khan
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
Title: Molecular Epidemiology of a novel re-assorted epidemic strain of equine influenza virus in Pakistan in 2015-16
Biography:
Amjad Khan has completed his PhD from the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. He currently a Research Associate working in a project on surveillance of influenza viruses in Pakistan. He has published more than 20 research articles in peer reviewed journals. He has also worked in the Gluck equine research Center University of Kentucky under the supervision of Professor Thomas M. Chambers in his laboratory on equine infleunza viruses.
Abstract:
A widespread epidemic of equine influenza (EI) occurred in nonvaccinated equine population across multiple districts in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan during 2015-2016. An epidemiological surveillance study was conducted from Oct 2015 to April 2016 to investigate the outbreak. EI virus strains were isolated in embryonated eggs from suspected equines swab samples and were subjected to genome sequencing using M13 tagged segment specific primers. Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences were concluded using Geneious. Haemagglutinin (HA), Neuraminidase (NA), Matrix (M) and Nucleoprotein (NP) genes nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the isolated viruses were aligned with those of OIE recommended, FC-1, FC-2, and contemporary isolates of influenza A viruses from other species. HA and NA gene amino acid sequences were very similar to Tennessee/14 and Malaysia/15 of FC-1 and clustered with the contemporary isolates recently reported in the USA. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these viruses were mostly identical (with 99.6% and 97.4% nucleotide homology) to, and were reassortants containing chicken/Pakistan/14 (H7N3) and Canine/Beijing/10 (H3N2) like M and NP genes. Genetic analysis indicated that A/equine/Pakistan/16 viruses were most probably the result of several re-assortments between the co-circulating avian and equine viruses, and were genetically unlike the other equine viruses due to the presence of H7N3 or H3N2 like M and NP genes. Epidemiological data analysis indicated the potential chance of mixed and management such as mixed farming system by keeping equine, canine and backyard poultry together in confined premises as the greater risk factors responsible for the re-assortments. Other factors might have contributed to the spread of the epidemic, including low awareness level, poor control of equine movements, and absence of border control disease strategies.