Cleber J R Alho
Anhanguera-Uniderp University
Brazil
Title: Wildlife of the Pantanal wetland and the effects of zoonosis due to interactions with domestic animals and cattle rising
Biography
Biography: Cleber J R Alho
Abstract
The Pantanal is a large continental wetland in the center of South America mainly in Brazil, an important freshwater ecosystem. Heterogeneous habitats support a diverse and abundant biodiversity. Environmental threats include deforestation due to cattle ranching and introduction of exotic species. Land use with environmental pressures on natural areas exhibit strong implications for the health and well-being. Human clusters in disorganized settlements are harmful to regional biota favoring the proliferation of disease vectors of malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, arboviral infections, filariasis and schistosomiasis. Leishmaniasis is associated with people who invade natural areas. Wild rodents, marsupials and domestic dogs are reservoirs of pathogens. Environmental change with insect attacks is illustrated by the outbreak of stable-fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) that occurs in cattle farms close to sugar-related activities. Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by viruses which involves the interaction of man and domestic animals such as dogs, cats, cattle and swine herds with hematophagous bats. Outbreak of tick fever is caused by Rickettsia transmitted by Amblyomma, ectoparasites of capybaras. Trypanosoma evansi causes an important horse disease affecting cattle ranching activities. Alien species include: African grass Brachiaria spp., feral hog Sus scrofa, golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei, the fish Cichla ocellaris. Added to the defense of the values of biodiversity for ecosystem services that benefit human well being and health and the proven value of this huge collection of genetic diversity of the Pantanal wetland that has provided relevant services to the production of veterinarian research are the ethical and aesthetic values of biodiversity.