Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Glen E Aiken
USDA-ARS Forage Animal Production Research Unit
USA
Keynote: Management practices to mitigate the adverse physiology in livestock that are exposed to ergopeptines
Time : 10:00-10:30
Biography:
Glen E Aiken completed his PhD in Agronomy from the University of Florida in 1989. He completed postdoctoral studies at Auburn University and Texas A&M University, and has worked as a Research Animal Scientist/Agronomist for USDA-ARS since 1992. He has served as the Research Leader for the Forage Animal Production Unit in Lexington, KY since 2013. Dr. Aiken is a Fellow in the American Society of Agronomy and the Crop Science Society of America and has 94 papers in reputable journals and 111 book chapters, popular press aricles, and book chapters.
Abstract:
Ergopeptines are a group of ergot alkaloids produced by a fungal endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) that infects tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.], which is a cool-season perennial grass that is the predominant forage in the U.S. transition zone between the temperate northeast and subtropical southwest. Unfortunately, ergopeptines can induce a toxicosis that adversely affects physiology and well-being of grazing cattle. Hardiness and persistence of tall fescue under limited management can be attributed to other ergot alkaloids the endophyte produced, but the trade-off is reduced cattle production from consumption of ergopeptines. Ergopeptines are agonists to alpha-adrenergic receptors in the vasculature and, therefore, are vasoactive in causing persistent constriction of arteries and veins. Reduced blood flow to peripheral tissues disrupts the animal’s ability to thermo-regulate, which makes them vulnerable to severe heat stress in the late spring and summer. Ergopeptines are also D2 dopamine receptor agonists in reducing secretion of prolactin from the anterior pituitary gland, which reduces milk production by lactating cows. Improved understanding of this endopyte-grass complex has facilitated development of the following technologies and management systems that can either mitigate or completely alleviate fescue toxicosis: 1) use moderate to heavy grazing intensities, 2) replace the toxic endophyte with non-ergot alkaloid producing endophytes, 3) use a herbicide that can suppress the emergence of tall fescue seed heads, 4) avoid grazing of tall fescue with high ergot alkaloid concentrations in the late spring and summer by moving cattle to warm-season grass, and 5) dilute dietary alkaloids by interseeding clovers or feeding supplements.
Keynote Forum
Fred Williams III
University of Missouri
USA
Keynote: Improving diagnostic pathology results: Help us to help you come to a more definitive diagnosis
Time : 10:30-11:00
Biography:
Fred Williams III completed his undergraduate education at Tuskegee University and continued in the veterinary school there at Tuskegee to become a member of the class of 2001. He started a residency at the University of Missouri in 2002 and continued following the completion of his residency as a faculty instructor. Currently, he is at the University of Missouri as an Associate Professor in Pathobiology with a primary focus on clinical education of professional students and diagnostic work for the Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Lab at the University of Missouri. He has special interests in pathogenesis and exotic animal diseases.
Abstract:
Diagnosticians strive to come up with the best possible diagnoses from submitted specimens; unfortunately, there is occasionally disconnect between the samples received and the potential etiologies that we are trying to rule out. I will provide some quick pointers on the topic necropsy for ambulatory veterinarians, fetal necropsy, and in-clinic necropsy protocols in order to provide some background on what happens to your sample after submission. I will provide tips and tricks to avoid some of the more common errors in sample submission, and discuss some ways to improve yield and efficiency.
- Workshop on: Improving the health status of the animal to enhance the quality of milk
Session Introduction
Francesco Napolitano
Animal Production Research Centre
Italy
Title: Defining blood and milk biomarkers for healthy status
Time : 11:15-11:45
Biography:
Francesco Napolitano has completed his PhD in Animal Production Sciences in July 1990, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Naples, Italy. As senior researcher at the Animal Production Research Centre (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, CRA) he is scientific responsible of the project “Improvement of the Italian livestock through advanced tools of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics – GENZOOT” (2006-2015). He published more than 20 papers in the last five years.
Abstract:
The progress in research on the immune-physiology, is witnessing a growing interest in the system of regulation of the immune response. One of the most critical moments, in terms of changes that occur in the immune system of dairy cattle, is the peripartum. For this physiological stage, it is generally spoken of a state of immunosuppression, which is important to assess the extent and duration. In addition, it is necessary to clarify in precise terms which parameters could define the condition of immunosuppression. In fact, for some parameters such as the leucocyte and neutrophils count in peripheral blood, it seems to be an increase in this phase; however, what seems altered in negative measure is the real ability of these cells to carry out their functions of defense. Diseases at calving and during early lactation account for the major health and welfare problems in dairy production. These include production diseases such as fatty liver, ketosis, rumen acidosis and lameness and infectious diseases such as mastitis and reproductive tract infections. Infertility and disease are strongly inter-linked through communal metabolic and immune signaling pathways. A number of biomarkers are well described in blood but are currently less well characterized in milk. Potential milk biomarkers are free glucose, iso-citrate, beta-hydroxy-butyrate (ketosis and fatty liver), lactate dehydrogenase (mastitis), progesterone (infertility and metritis). An increase in intrinsic resistance to disease will result in reduced antibiotic intervention. This will not only lead to an increased food-product quality, but may also help to slow down the development of multi-drug resistant bacteria.
Cinzia Marchitelli
Animal Production Research Centre
Italy
Title: OMICS technologies for analyzing diseases in livestock species
Time : 11:45-12:15
Biography:
Cinzia Marchitelli graduated in 1992 in Biological Sciences (Università degli Studi di Roma), and she has completed her PhD in 2000 in Biotechnology and Genetic improvement of domestic animals (Università degli Studi del Molise). From 2010 she is a researcher at CRA-PCM and her research interest is the application of molecular biology to animal production. She is a leader of research unit of EU project GplusE “Genotype plus Enviroment” and of an Italian project “REDBOV- “Increase of profitability by improvement of technical and biological parameters”. Author and co-author more 20 peer-reviewed papers.
Abstract:
For several decades, the advances that have been made in breeding goals have been based on the needs of breeders; however, they are also influenced by consumers and societal needs related to food safety and efficient and environmentally sound production. New functional traits are growing in importance because of recent declines in animal health and fitness. They have also become more important because of growing concern about animal well-being and consumers' demand for healthy and natural products. There are major concerns about the impact of drugs used in veterinary medicine on the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria that can negatively impact human health. Technical progress in the field of next-generation sequencing, mass spectrometry and bioinformatics facilitates the study of highly complex biological processes. In general, integration of the main Omics-technologies genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics in live science promises highly detailed information about the specific research object and helps to understand molecular changes in response to internal and external environmental factors. Here we will provide a general overview about the recent Omics-based research to study diseases in livestock. These approaches aim to define the gene pathways and networks governing animal immune response, host-parasites interactions or to help to understand the complexity of reproduction to resolve some reproductive diseases.
- Symposium
Session Introduction
Omar El Tookhy
Cairo University
Egypt
Title: Constructing schematic eye requirements steps and the obtained clinical values: A camel-eye model
Time : 12:15-13:00
Biography:
Omar El Tookhy has travelled for predoctoral scholarship and visits to Germany and Switzerland, postdoctoral study and work in Canada and has spent 3 years at Qassim University, KSA as vet-surgery professor. Currently he is working as a full professor at Cairo University, school of veterinary medicine, Egypt. He has published more than 21 papers in reputed journals and serving as a reviewer for some international journals in his field.
Abstract:
Eye is a homocentric system of lenses, which when combined in action form a very strong system of short focal length. A schematic eye is a self-consistent mathematical model of the optical system that simulate the real world performance of the eye and can be used for a range of research and development purposes. In schematic eyes model the compound optics of real eyes can be specified in terms of three cardinal points, making it possible to model paraxial ray paths and describe various optical characteristics of living eyes. Efforts to design an optical model of an eye dates back to Newton’s diagram of the sheep’s eye around 1680s. Schematic eyes have been designed for human, cow, horse, sheep, pig, dog, rabbit and rat. Several models have appeared over the last century, with different levels of complexity ranging from those with reduced or single refracting surfaces, to others that allow refractive index variation within the lens and have conicoidal, rather than spherical, retinal surfaces. The dimensions of ocular tissues vary from infantile to adult animals. These changes are probably the necessary concomitant of the increase in size of the eye during growth. Therefore, to accurately build a schematic model of a specific animal species ecobiometric values are needed to properly describe its visual properties. This allows the calculations of intraocular lens dioptric power to be deployed in the eyes of animals before cataract surgery to achieve emmetropia.
- Track 5: Animal Breeding and Genetics
Track 6: Dairy Cattle Technology
Track 7: Animal Biotechnology
Chair
Arnost Cepica
University of Prince Edward Island, Canada
Co-Chair
T K Gahlot
Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, India
Session Introduction
Francesco Napolitano
Animal Production Research Centre
Italy
Title: Gelsolin expression in sheep mammary gland
Time : 14:00-14:25
Biography:
Francesco Napolitano has completed his PhD in Animal Production Sciences in July 1990, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Naples, Italy. As senior researcher at the Animal Production Research Centre (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, CRA) he is scientific responsible of the project “Improvement of the Italian livestock through advanced tools of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics – GENZOOT” (2006-2015). He published more than 20 papers in the last five years.
Abstract:
Gelsolin (GSN) is representative of a class of actin-modulating proteins found in lower eukaryotes through mammals acting both as an intrinsic cytoplasmic protein and as a secreted plasma protein. In mammalian three main gelsolin isoforms have been characterized: the isoform a, which is a 782-aminoacid secretory protein; isoform b, which is a 731-amino acid cytosolic protein and, isoform c or gelsolin-3, which is a 742-amino acid protein localized primarily in the central nervous system. All isoforms arise by alternative splicing from the same gene. The cytoplasmic and secreted forms of gelsolin are the most potent actin filament-severing proteins. Actin, one of major components of the cytoskeleton, plays important roles in the cells eliciting cell shape and organization. Actin is pivotal to a set of processes that involve motility and/or structural rearrangement within cells, e.g., cell migration, development, morphogenesis, metastasis, cell–cell and cell–matrix adhesion, and apoptosis. Our study produced evidence of the differential expression of gelsolin isoform b in milk somatic cells of sheep breeds highly different in milk production traits and we speculated about a possible association of the protein with milk fat globule movement inside mammary gland epithelial cells.
Anthony Duignan
Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine
Ireland
Title: The role of tuberculin assays on naturally infected cattle in the Irish eradication program
Biography:
Anthony Duignan has graduated from University College Dublin Veterinary College 1978. He has experience in all aspects of bovine TB (bTB) control both in general practice (16 years) and in the Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine 20 years at Regional and HQ. Currently he is Superintending Veterinary Inspector, Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Kildare Street, Dublin 2, Ireland. His Duties encompass determination of policy and delivery of bovine tuberculosis eradication program. He has special interest in development and implementation of quality controls in the Irish bTB Eradication program.
Abstract:
The Irish Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) eradication program includes annual Single Intra-dermal Comparative Tuberculin Test (SICTT) screening of all herds. The SICTT is conducted by comparing the separate cell-mediated immune responses to an intra-dermal injection of avian and bovine PPD tuberculins in each animal. Tuberculin PPD standardization is necessary in order to ensure sufficient diagnostic strength for eradication and also to guarantee animal status for international trade. The potency of a tuberculin is estimated by comparing the size of the reactions elicited by an intra-dermal inoculation to the size of the reactions of a ‘standard’ tuberculin of known potency. OIE recommends that tuberculins are assayed in the population of animals in which the eradication program is to be carried out but due to practical difficulties in performing potency assays in cattle they are usually assayed in guinea pigs. However, ever since inadvertently using sub-potent tuberculin many years ago the routine assay of tuberculins in naturally infected cattle is regarded as imperative to the assurance of potency of tuberculins used in the Irish bovine tuberculosis eradication program. The purpose of this presentation is to give an account of the procedures and outline the role of assays carried out on naturally infected cattle in the quality control on the Irish Bovine Eradication Program. Ireland is perhaps unique in that it is one of the few if not the only country conducting routine tuberculin assay in naturally infected bovines as part of the quality control of the national bTB eradication program.
E padoan
University of Padova
Italy
Title: Gene expression profiles of the immuno-transcriptome in IAD and RAO affected horses
Time : 14:25-14:50
Biography:
E Padoan graduated in 2008 in veterinary medicine at the University of Padova. In 2008-2009 she was enrolled in an Internship Program at the Equine Medical Center, Limena, Padova. At the end of 2009, she was enrolled in an Externship Program at West Coast Equine Hospital, Somis, California, USA. In 2010 she got training with Dr Freeman and Dr Minle in Cytology and Veterinary Clinical Pathology in Perthshire and at the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Edinburgh, Scotland. She has completed her PhD in Veterinary Science in 2013 at the Department of Public Health and Comparative Pathology, University of Padova. Nowadays she is an equine veterinarian.
Abstract:
Knowledge about IAD and RAO pathogenesis are still limited. The aim of the study was to investigate genes expression in the respiratory tract of IAD and RAO-affected horses through a cDNA-microarray platform and to evaluate their relationships with the clinical signs. Clinical examination and endoscopy were performed in 20 RAO, 26 IAD-affected horses and 8 controls. On the BAL fluid, cytological and microbiological analysis was performed. Total RNA extracted from BAL was used for gene expression profiling by means of an equine custom gene oligo-DNA microarray representing 7238 unique immune-related genes in duplicate. 379 transcripts (55 up-regulated and 324 down-regulated) were significantly differentially expressed (DE) between the IAD group and the controls, while 1.763 genes (903 up-regulated and 860 down-regulated) were DE comparing RAO-affected and healthy horses. Several genes involved in the genesis, length and motility of the respiratory epithelium cilia, were down regulated both in IAD and in RAO horses. In the IAD group, a significant over-expression for genes encoding inflammatory mediators was observed. In the RAO group, in addition to genes controlling the inflammatory response other transcripts involved in broncho constriction, apoptosis and hypoxia pathways were significantly up-regulated. Genes involved in the genesis of the protective muco-protein film were under-expressed. Analyses performed by means of the software Gene Sets Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that gene networks activated during human asthma are also enriched in equine RAO, albeit marginally significant (False Discovery Rate <25%, p value 0.08). The developed equine-immune-related-genes microarray platform provides new insight in the IAD and RAO pathogenesis representing the first step to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the equine respiratory diseases.
Cinzia Marchitelli
Animal Production Research Centre
Italy
Title: Analysis of sheep SERPINA1 gene expression in milk during lactation
Time : 14:50-15:15
Biography:
Cinzia Marchitelli has graduated in 1992 in Biological Sciences from Università degli Studi di Roma and she has completed her PhD in 2000 in Biotechnology and Genetic improvement of domestic animals from Università degli Studi del Molise. She is a Researcher at CRA-PCM and her research interest is the application of molecular biology to animal production. She is a Leader of Research Unit of EU Project GplusE “Genotype plus Enviroment” and of an Italian Project “REDBOV-“Increase of profitability by improvement of technical and biological parameters”. She is the author and co-author more 20 peer-reviewed papers.
Abstract:
The serine protease inhibitor, clade A, member 1 (SERPINA1) is the gene for a protein called alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) which is a member of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) super family of proteins. Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) is a 394-aa protein synthesized primarily by hepatocytes with smaller amounts synthesized by intestinal epithelial cells, neutrophils, pulmonary alveolar cells and macrophages. AAT is the most abundant, endogenous serine protease inhibitor in blood circulation and its primary function is the inactivation of neutrophil elastase and other endogenous serine proteases. AAT is also present in relatively high concentration in human (in early lactation with a subsequent decrease as lactation progresses) bovine, porcine and ovine milk. It has postulated that milk AAT might affect local proteolytic activity within the mammary gland during colostrum formation. Association of polymorphisms of the AAT gene with milk production traits in dairy cattle was demonstrated while goat SERPINA1 gene was up-regulated during early stages of bacterial infection. Here we analyzed the differential expression in milk of SERPINA1 cDNAs in two sheep breed (Sarda e Gentile di Puglia) during lactation (60, 90, 120 days). We evaluated 7 different reference genes in sheep milk to select the most stable housekeeping gene in three time points. However, we did not find any significant difference between Sarda e Gentile di Puglia and between three time points with respect to SERPINA1 expression in milk. No association of SERPINA1 expression with milk production traits was observed.
Sulaiman Ngongu Depamede
Mataram University
Indonesia
Title: Expression the gene of predicted zymogen granule protein (G3MZ19) homologue in the Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) saliva
Time : 15:15-15:40
Biography:
Sulaiman Ngongu Depamede has completed his PhD from The University of Adelaide, South Australia. Besides being a Lecturer at the Faculty of Animal Science of Mataram University, he is also a Chairman of Immunobiology Laboratory, Mataram University (2005-2015); he now serves as Secretary of the Consortium for Research Large ruminants. His research in the last five years focused on the proteomics of Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) saliva. In 2013, he was a Visiting Scientist at the Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, New Zealand; there, together with researchers from the Ruakura Research Centre, he conducted a study on BSP-30 (a candidate bloat marker) in Bali cattle vs. New Zealand dairy cow saliva. He has published his research papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) are a type of beef cattle native to Indonesia. Their size is relatively smaller (300-600 kg) than those of Bos taurus but Bali cattle have high adaptability to tropical conditions. Efforts to study the physiological of Bali cattle have been done through their saliva as a non-invasive material. Depamede et al. (2012) has reported the presence of a bactericidal substance in the saliva of Bali cattle. Furthermore, the results of proteomics studies indicated that the substance included in mannose binding lectin (MBL) protein family consisting of G3MZ19 which until now has not been characterized, F1N1Z8 similar to the peptide regulator of metastasis process of cancer cells and F1MCV8 which is a prolactin-inducible homologue precursor protein. In this presentation, I would like to share the results of our research on the expression and the phylogenetic study of G3MZ19 gene in Bali cattle. PCR was carried out using the primers developed from Bos taurus G3MZ19 gene (NCBI). Our studies revealed that G3MZ19 genes were expressed in the genomic DNA of Bali cattle. Results of dendogram with 1000 bootstrap replications indicate that Bali cattle are located between Bos taurus and Bos mutus. In addition to ruminants, in our dendogram analysis, we also included mono gastrics (humans and porcines). Evolutionary of G3MZ19 shows only Sus scrofa existed in the dendogram while humans do not at all. What is the role of this G3MZ19 in Bali cattle is still need to be investigated further.
Prakash G Koringa
Anand Agricultural University
India
Title: Identification of novel SNPs in differentially expressed genes and its association with horn cancer of Bos indicus bullocks by next-generation sequencing
Time : 15:40-16:05
Biography:
Prakash G Koringa is working as an Assistant Professor at Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University since last 9 years. He was Gold medallist/University first during his UG and PG studies and looking to his bright educational career, Hon. Vice. Chancellor has selected him as Assistant Professor at the age of 26 years only. He has completed his PhD under guidance of Dr C G Joshi. He has published more than 28 papers in reputed journals and has wide on hand expertise in NGS data generation and analysis related to animal cancers and meta-genomics.
Abstract:
The use of polymorphic markers like SNPs promises to provide comprehensive tool for analysing genome and identifying genomic regions that contributes to cancer phenotype. Horn cancer is the most common cancer among Bos indicus animals. Increased expression of some genes due to polymorphisms increases risk of HC incidence. We successfully amplified 91 SNPs located in 69 genes in 52 samples each of HC and HN. Equimolar concentration of amplicons from 69 PCR products of each samples were pooled and subject to sequencing using Ion Torrent PGM. Data obtained were analysed using DNASTAR software package and case control analysis using SAS software. We found SNP present in BPIFA1 gene of B. indicus shows association with event of HC which reflects its potential to be a genetic marker. Bio-informatic analysis to detect structural and functional impact nsSNP of BPIFA1 added another layer of confirmation to our result. We successfully identified SNP associated with HC as well as demonstrated efficient approach for limited number of SNPs discovery and validation in targeted genomics regions in large number of samples combining PCR amplification and Ion Torrent PGM sequencing which suits to small scale laboratories with limited budget.
Sila Daniel Damwesh
Nakam Memorial School
Nigeria
Title: Prescription of best periods for deworming cattle against Fasciolosis in Nigeria (A tropical Sub-Saharan country with dry and wet seasons)
Time : 16:20-16:45
Biography:
Sila Daniel Damwesh has completed his Masters in Animal Production and Range Management with a distinction in research in 2012 from Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola. In his first degree he was awarded Chief Dorcas Alo’s prize for the best final year project in Animal Science in 2005/2006. He has been an Instructor in Biology at Nakam Memorial School in Panyam. He has published 3 papers in reputed journals; a Member of Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN) and Supervisor of the International Young Inventors Competition (IEYI, IIDC) in Indonesia, Thailand and Taiwan in 2007/2008.
Abstract:
A number of studies have confirmed the presence of Fasciolosis and the extent of its harm both to cattle and humans in Nigeria. However, less attention has been given as to the specific periods during which cattle should be dewormed against the parasites. As a result, cattle are usually dewormed randomly at any time with just any flukicide and in many cases only when symptoms appear. This contributes to the lingering disease despite repetitive treatment. This study recommends specific periods in the rainy season and dry season for effective deworming of cattle based on records of research findings in the past and of recent. A research was conducted towards the close of the rainy season (September ending and October ending, 2010) in 2 Local Government Areas (Girei and Yola South) of Adamawa State in north eastern Nigeria. Blood samples were drawn randomly from the jugular vein of 225 field cattle. The sera obtained were screened for Fasciola gigantica antibodies using an indirect ELISA assay. A prevalence rate of 56.7% was obtained in September as against 82.2% in October. Analysis with a t-test paired sample statistics indicated a significant difference (P<0.05) in the incidence of the disease between September and October hence the best period recommended for deworming in the rainy season is early September to early October. It can be deduced from records of seasonal prevalence of Fasciolois that the best period to deworm cattle in the dry season is January/February.
Kaveh Parvandar Asadollahi
University of Ahvaz
Iran
Title: Avian tuberculosis in naturally infected lofts of domestic pigeons, different diagnostic approaches and its zoonotic significance
Time : 16:45-17:10
Biography:
Kaveh Parvandar Asadollahi completed his DVM and received his PhD from Shahid Chamran University (Formerly known as Jondishapur). He is the technical Director of Hipra poultry vaccines in Iran. He has published 4 articles regarding avian tuberculosis and has two articles currently under review regarding this issue; he plans to publish another article about this disease in the near future.
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to investigate clinical signs, necropsy and radiographic findings, histopathology, serum protein proï¬les, hematological values, isolation, molecular identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (MAA) in lofts of domestic pigeons suspected of avian tuberculosis. For this purpose, eighty pigeons were selected out of lofts of more than 600, based on their clinical signs. Fifty MAA isolated from pigeons. All acid fast bacillus isolates were tested by the PCR assays targeting the 16S rRNA, IS1245 and IS901 genes. Swollen joints in legs and wings, consequent lameness and inability to fly were the most important clinical signs. In necropsy findings, liver was the most affected organ with lesions. The least affected organ was the lungs, also no macroscopic lesions were found in the gonads, kidneys and CNS. In addition to radiographic and histopathological findings, serum protein profiles and hematological studies confirmed the disease and they were consistent with other studies about avian tuberculosis. The importance of avian tuberculosis and the risk of the zoonotic disease and keeping pigeons in urban area motivated us to do a study in domestic pigeons naturally infected with MAA.
Ayman Tolba Reyad Tolba
Cairo University
Egypt
Title: Reconstitution of the anatomy museum to facilitate integrated self-directed learning
Biography:
Ayman Tolba Reyad Tolba has completed his PhD at the age of 28 years from Cairo University 2010. He shared teaching of theoretical and practical courses (Books) of anatomy and embryology for both of the undergraduate and postgraduate students. He has published more than 10 papers in national and international journals.
Abstract:
This work was conducted in two parts. Part I: The reconstitution and rearrangement of the anatomy museum faculty of veterinary medicine Cairo University in the form of modular center in which its basic unit was the module. So we prepare different learning materials including anatomical dissected specimens, museum-jar specimens, plastinated specimens, colored bones, casts, models, radiographs, photos used by hand, atlases and charts in addition to many paper and computer assisted recourses as handouts, books, frequent quizzes for self assessment by the students, short videos, electronic books, needed sites and CDs contain lectures prepared in power point presentations for anatomy, histology, pathology, surgery, medicine and pharmacology to the specific topic used in the module. Part II: A descriptive survey applied on 592 veterinary educators all over Arab republic of Egypt to analyzed ten aspects of comparison between self learning modules using multimedia as a method of teaching with the traditional learning. The results of the survey revealed that the students recommended its use with a record 95.27% and other students not recommended with a record 4.72%. The results obtained were discussed with those concerned with the use of integrated self directed learning.
Henrique Boll de Araujo Bastos
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Brazil
Title: New insights on equine ovarian physiology
Biography:
Henrique Boll de Araujo Bastos has graduated in Veterinary Medicine in 2010 from Universidade Federal de Santa Maria and completed his Masters degree at the age of 25 years from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. He is a PhD student at the same institution and Member of the Research Group in the Animal Reproduction Laboratory (REPROLAB), publishing studies in equine ovarian physiology.
Abstract:
Ovarian physiology in domestic animals is one of the main subjects in current researches. Those researches include analysis of follicular fluid, gene expression of metalloproteinases, ovarian surface epithelium function and the inflammatory hypothesis. The aim of these researches is to promote understanding of certain physiologic aspects of the ovary so that techniques of assisted reproduction and hormonal therapy can be improved. The equine follicular fluid contains substances involved in follicle activity, cell differentiation and oocyte maturation. More studies of its components may contribute to clarify physiologic mechanisms of folliculogenesis and ovulation. The main studies in this subject involve proteomics providing protein identification and elaborating hypothetical models of the relation between follicle, oocyte maturation and hormonal status trying to unveil a possible mechanism. Enzymes promoting collagen lysis such as matrix metalloproteinases can be fundamental in the process of extracellular matrix remodeling which allows changes in ovarian tissue architecture during follicular growth. It has been suggested that the production of these enzymes may be affected by the rise in circulating concentrations of LH which acts on the ovarian surface epithelium signaling their synthesis. The inflammatory hypotheses described in some proteomic studies along with the action of metalloproteinases are important researches about the ovarian physiological events.
Sayed Ahmed M
Jazan University
Saudi Arabia
Title: Molecular and epidemiological investigation of Brucellosis in Sharqyia, Egypt
Biography:
Sayed Ahmed M earned his BVSc degree from College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt in 2001 and he received his MVSc degree in 2005 and PhD/DVM in Virotherapy and Viral Oncolysis in 2011 from School of Veterinary Medicine, Hanover, Germany (TIHO). Since 2011, he is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt. He is currently an Assistant Professor at College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. His main area of research is on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of Infectious Diseases. He is a Member of ESVP and ECVP Since 2011.
Abstract:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate of the vaccination program and immune response of vaccinated animals in Sharqyia province. The study was applied on 4772 lactating and non-lactating survey the prevalence of brucellosis from 2008 to 2011. Sera were collected from animals during routine diagnosis and control program. Brucella serological tests namely Buffered Acidified Plate Antigen (BAPA cows of some private farms and individual distributed animals on different districts in Sharqyia province to Rose Bengal Plate (RBP), Tube Agglutination (TAT) and Rivanol test (Riv.T), Complement fixation test (CFT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were applied. Furthermore, milk and tissues especially lymph nodes were collected from some reactor animals for bacteriological isolation and identification of the causative microorganism. Brucella was isolated using polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our results revealed that the prevalence of Brucella were 3.06% of private farms compared to 2.82% for individual animals. Bacteriological examination revealed that Brucella melitensis biovar-3 was isolated. These reflect the role of cattle in transmission and spreading of Brucella.
S K Ranjhan
Hind Agro Industries Limited
India
Title: Indian buffalo meat industry vis-Ã -vis international trade
Biography:
S K Ranjhan has completed his Professional Veterinary degree in 1956 from Agra University, MVSc in 1960 (Agra University), MS (University of Illinois, USA) in 1962 and PhD in 1966 (Agra University). He has served as Professor in Jawaharlal Nehru Agriculture University from 1968-1970, Head in Animal Nutrition Division at Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar from 1970-1978 and Joint Director at the same Institute from 1978-1980. He was the Chief Technical Advisor FAO/UNDP Buffalo Project in Philippines and Livestock Specialist at World Bank and now Director at Hind Agro Industries Limited, India since 1994. He has received several awards for his contribution in Veterinary Sciences. He has published 250 research papers and 11 books. He is the past President of National Academy of Veterinary Science, India; Animal Nutrition Society and Asian Buffalo Association.
Abstract:
Meat production in India is estimated at 8.56 million tones standing fourth in rank in world’s total meat production. It includes 2.2 million tones carabeef, 1.41 million tones beef, 0.29 million tones ovine meat, 0.60 million tones chevon, 0.26 million tones pork and 3.8 million tones poultry. Buffalo meat contributes about 22% of total meat. India is the world’s largest exporter of buffalo meat known as carabeef in the international market. In 2013-14, it exported 1.45 million tones of deboned carabeef amounting to USD 4.5 billion to about 64 destinations globally. In 2014-15, it is estimated to increase to 2.00 million tones accounting for USD 5.2 billion. India has a large livestock wealth consisting of 190 million cattle, 109 million buffaloes, 67 million sheep, 135 million goats, 10 million pigs and 693 million poultry. The population of buffaloes is growing at the rate of 1% annually as it is an economic animal for small-hold farmers who raise between 2 to 20 animals primarily for milk and secondarily for meat. One of the key drivers for Indian buffalo meat has been the growth in Indian dairy industry which is growing at a rate of 4% annually and is slated at 140 million tones production annually acquiring number one position globally. Buffalo contributes to about 60% of total milk production with half of the cattle population. The major export markets are gulf countries, Southeast Asia, Africa, CIS countries, Russia, Egypt, Saudi Arabia etc. There are about 53 world class integrated abattoir-cum-meat processing plants following world class sanitary and phytosanitary guidelines of Codex Alimentarius for the safety and quality of meat production. All the plants have HACCP, ISO 9001:2008, IS0 22000:2005 certifications and have in-house Quality Control laboratories. The individual identification and traceability of the animals is maintained and animals are received from the disease free zones. India is free from all the trade related diseases listed at List ‘A’ of O I E, namely Rinderpest, Rift Valley fever, Contagious Bovine Pleuro Pneumonia (CBPP), Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis (BSE) etc. There is however, an insignificant incidence of FMD in few states.
Chang Young Fei
National Taiwan University
Taiwan
Title: Rabies surveillance and contingency actions of ferret-badger rabies in Taiwan, 1999 to 2014
Biography:
Chang Young Fei is currently working as a faculty at National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
Abstract:
Rabies Virus (RABV) is the prototype virus of the genus Lyssavirus in the family Rhabdoviridae and is the causative agent of classic rabies in human and animals. On July 17, 2013, Taiwan confirmed to detect RABV in wild Taiwan ferret-badgers (OIE 2013) which means that rabies has reappeared in Taiwan ever since WHO announced that Taiwan was a rabies free country in 1961 (WHO 1966). Up to December 2014, totally 423 rabid ferret-badgers were diagnosed. Epidemiologic analysis indicates that Taiwan ferret-badger is the sole reservoir host for the rabies virus. The temporal dynamics of rabid ferret-badgers in Taiwan from July 2013 to December 2014 suggests that the epidemic appears to have subsided to enzootic levels. The TFBV can be categorized into two clades which causes the Main Epidemic Area and the East Epidemic Area. The two epidemic areas are geographically separated by the Central Mountain Range and Kaoping River. No rabid case in the whole Taiwan Island is diagnosed in the north side of the Daan River which divides the northern third of the island. To date, there have been three cases of spillover infection from the Taiwan ferret-badger virus (TFBV) into non-reservoir hosts (OIE 2014) and no human rabies deaths have been associated with the TFBV epidemic.
Talib A Jaayid
University of Basrah
Iraq
Title: Genetic diversity in Iraqi camel (Camelus dromedarius) populations using microsatellite markers
Biography:
Talib A Jaayid has completed his PhD at the age of 35 years from Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, Russian. He Chaired the Animal Production Department, UoB for 5 years. He is the Director of Genetic Engineering Lab., College of Agriculture, UoB. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and he is a Reviewer in journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A, USA and Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science. He is the Iraq Coordinator of AADGN. He has organized 15 local training courses in molecular genetics and one international training course with ICGEB, Italy. He is the President of ISMGS, non-governments organizations office, Iraq.
Abstract:
This study was carried out at genetic engineering lab, Agriculture College, University of Basrah (UoB). One hundred samples were analyzed from Iraqi camel belonged to six provinces: Basrah, Maysan, Qadisiyah, Najaf, Dhi Qar and Muthanna. Twelve microsatellite markers named CMS50, CMS121, CMS13, VOLP67, LCA66, CVRL06, CVRL05, CVRL01, VOLP32, VOLP03, WYLL44 and WYLL08 were used. All molecular markers amplified the camel DNA, produced a PCR product and generated novel and polymorphic DNA fragments in all tested samples with the exception of YWLL08 and YWLL04 which filled to produce amplifiable DNA. The total numbers of alleles for all markers were 119 alleles with an average of 11.9 alleles. VOLP67 marker had higher genetic polymorphism as produced 23 alleles size ranged from 161-244 bp. Observed number of alleles “No†ranged from 16 alleles in Najaf for VOLP67 marker to 4 alleles in Muthanna for CVRL06 marker. The observed heterozygosity “Ho†was 1.0 and the expected heterozygosity “He†was 0.936 in Maysan for VOLP67 marker while 0.682 in Dhi Qar for CVRL06 marker. Effective numbers of alleles “Ne†ranged from 2,941 in Dhi Qar for CVRL06 marker to 10.958 in Najaf for VOLP67 marker. Polymorphism information content PIC ranged from 0.595 in Dhi Qar for CVRL06 marker to 0.919 in Qadisiyah for CMS13 marker. The lower genetic distance and higher genetic similarity between Basrah and Najaf were 0.161 and 0.851 respectively while higher genetic distance and lower genetic similarity between Maysan and Dhi Qar populations were 0.370 and 0.690 respectively.
Ali Shabestari Asl
Islamic Azad University
Iran
Title: Scanning electron microscopy assessment of canine gastric Helicobacter spp. in naturally infected dogs
Biography:
Ali Shabestari has completed his DVM degree at the age of 28 years from Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University and Postdoctoral studies from Tehran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. He is Academic staff of the Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University and Head of its University Animal clinic. He has published more than 12 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of the repute.
Abstract:
Different gastric Helicobacter like organisms was reported from dogs’ stomach but it is not known whether these species represent all the canine gastric helicobacters or some of them are more common. The aim of this study was morphological evaluation of canine gastric helicobacter spp. in fresh gastric samples of naturally infected dogs by electron microscopy. Thirty two stomachs of stray dogs were evaluated. Four gastric specimens were taken from all stomachs and used for rapid urease test (RUT), light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examinations. Light microscopy confirmed the presence of gastric helicobacter like organisms in 29 of 32 stray dogs (90.5%). 87.5% and 94% of gastric samples were positive in RUT and PCR tests respectively. Four distinguishable canine gastric helicobacter organisms were confirmed by SEM investigation. Three strains of these organisms were established as H. felis candidatus, H. heilmanii and H. bizzozeronii because of their apparent morphological differences and PCR results. One strain of these bacteria was not distinguishable with routine studies. To confirmation of different types of canine gastric helicobacters, large scale studies with fast, simple recognition methods are recommended. This study portrays the need for further investigations in canine GHLO’s because some atypical canine gastric helicobacters were seen in canine stomachs.
Biography:
Teka Feyera is currently working at Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
Abstract:
African trypanosomiasis has continued to threaten health and economic development in sub-Saharan Africa and current chemotherapeutic options are far from ideal. The continued search for alternative compounds against the disease prompted evaluation of Artemisia abyssinica for anti-trypanosomal potential. The study aimed at screening the hydro methanolic and dichloromethane (DCM) crude extracts of aerial parts of the plant in vitro and in vivo for anti-trypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma congolense field isolate. In vitro assay was conducted by incubating mixture of infected blood and extracts at concentrations of 4, 2 and 0.4 mg/ml coupled with infectivity test in which mixture of infected blood and extracts was inoculated to mice. In these combined assays, reduction or cessation of parasite motility coupled with loss of infectivity to mice of infected blood incubated with extracts was taken as measure of anti-trypanosomal activity. The in vivo anti-trypanosomal efficacy of the crude extracts was evaluated in Swiss albino mice of both sexes experimentally infected with T. congolense field isolate. The plant extracts at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were administered intra peritoneally daily for 7 days in an established infection of 107.03 trypanosomes/ml. Diminazene aceturate was used as positive control, and distilled water as negative. The level of parasitaemia, body weight, packed cell volume; differential leukocyte counts and mean survival period were monitored. The in vitro assay evidenced that the DCM extract had immobilized trypanosomes after 18 and 40 minutes of incubation at 4 and 2 mg/ml, respectively while the hydro methanolic extract caused motility to cease after 35 minutes only at concentration of 4 mg/ml. In the infectivity test, only 4 mg/ml of DCM extract caused loss of infectivity of the parasites to mice. The in vivo study showed that the DCM extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg, and the hydro methanolic extract at 400 mg/kg reduced parasitaemia (p<0.05), ameliorated anaemia (p<0.05), prevented body weight loss (p<0.05) and modified (p<0.05) differential lymphocyte and neutrophil counts compared to the negative control. Relapse to Diminazene aceturate was also recorded. Consequently, the high activity values obtained render the plant to be a potential candidate for development of new lead against African trypanosomiasis.
Abdurraouf Gaja
University of Tripoli
Libya
Title: Trans-rectal ultrasonography for early pregnancy diagnosis in cattle
Biography:
Abdurraouf Gaja has completed his PhD at the age of 31 years from Yamaguchi University and spent 10 months as researcher in Kagoshima University. In 2013 he awarded Fulbright followship for visiting scholar at University of Illinois. He has published more than 7 papers in international journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of some veterinary journals.
Abstract:
For higher economic benefits, early pregnancy diagnosis in cows is considered as one of the very important procedure used to improve fecundity and therefore, the field managemental scales in cattle industry. Performing Transrectal Ultrasonography for measuring corpus luteum cross-sectional area changes twice at 7 days apart (on days 13 and 20, 14 and 21, 15 and 22 and 16 and 23 post-insemination) proved the full success of the method which has been practiced on 200 Japanese Black Cows. A quick result, in the field, with high sensitivity (100%) was proved in detecting early non-pregnancy in the field, which helps in beneficial effects of re-insemination of such cows using some reproductive hormones (GnRH analogue), to control ovulation as well as timed insemination in an aim to decrease inter insemination period, and inter calving period. All non-pregnant cows showed clear significant regression in their corpora lutea between days 14 and 20 post insemination, while no regression in the corpora lutea was noticed in all pregnant cows during the same period. Also, the method proved that it was very helpful in detecting ovarian disorders at early stages which could be treated at early times, to decrease the expenses through shortening the days open. Detection of peripheral plasma progesterone levels was helpful as well to prove the above mentioned method in parallel waves.
Gammoudi A
National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia
Tunisia
Title: Molecular characterization and genetic distance evaluation between two sheep breeds: The Tunisian Barbarine and Tunis sheep in USA
Biography:
Gammoudi A is currently working at National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia.
Abstract:
A total of 116 blood samples of Barbarine breed raised in the central of Tunisia (Sidi Bouzid and Kairouan) and a total of 28 samples of Tunis sheep breed were used in this study. The main objective was to evaluate the genetic distance between the Barbarine and Tunis sheep of United States of America which was originated from the Barbarine. A panel of 28 microsatellites recommended by FAO was used in this study. Main results showed polymorphisms of 100% and 95% respectively for Tunis sheep and the Barbarine. The parameter values of the genetic diversity of Tunis and Barbarine were 5,6 and 6,1 for the average number of alleles; -0,014 and 0,295 for Fis; 0,687 and 0,485 for the observed heterozygosity. Fixation Index was 0.141 showing an overall deficit of heterozygoties of 14%. The Fst coefficient was 0.119 showing that a large proportion (88%) of the total genetic variation was explained by the variation within populations and the rest of this variability (12%) was allocated to the differences between populations. The genetic distance between the two breeds showed that the population "Tunis" was far from the 10 other Barbarine populations. Genetic diversity within populations and genetic diversity inter population (fixation index or F statistics, analysis of PCA results) showed that the existence of genetically distinct subpopulations. Two major implications could be derived: 1) Possibilties of selection within the identified on subpopulations and 2) The urgence of preserving the identifies subpopulations before they become extinct.