Day 3 :
- Track 3: Recent Developments
Track 4: Veterinary Medicine
Track 8: Livestock Management and Companion Animal Behavior
Track 9: Poultry Production
Session Introduction
Flaviana Santos Wanderley
Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas
Brazil
Title: Venereal transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in goats after a buck was experimentally infected
Time : 10:00-10:25
Biography:
Flaviana Santos Wanderley has graduated in Veterinary Medicine from the Federal University of Campina Grande, specialization from the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Masters in Development and Environment, Federal University of Alagoas and a PhD in Animal Bioscience the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. He is currently Medical and Veterinary Professor at the State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas (UNCISAL). He has experience in the area of Parasitology with emphasis on protozoosis.
Abstract:
The aim of the present study was to assess the venereal transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in goats. Two bucks of reproductive age were used. One of them was infected orally with oocysts of T. gondii, whereas the other buck was not infected (control). Ten does were randomly allocated into two groups (G1 and G2), each with five animals. The does in G1 were mated with the buck that had been experimentally infected with T. gondii oocysts. Those in G2 (control) were mated with the serologically negative buck. Infection of the buck and does from G1 was confirmed based on clinical, serological, molecular and histopathological findings. The buck in G2 and all of the females that mated with him were negative in all tests. With regard to gestational development among the females in G1, the following results were recorded: Embryonic re-absorption occurred in one animal on day 34 after mating; one animal aborted on day 42 after mating; the three other females gave birth to full-term healthy kids. One of these kids exhibited PCR-positive blood at birth. In total, 40% of the does in G1 and 80% of the kids born alive in G1 were PCR-positive in at least one organ. The present study demonstrated that venereal transmission of T. gondii occurs in goats with vertical transmission occurring from does mated with an infected buck to their kids.
Ashraf M Ahmed
King Saud University
Saudi Arabia
Title: Bacillus thuringiensis strains native to Saudi Arabia with enhanced larvicidal toxicity against the rift valley fever mosquito vector Aedes caspius
Time : 10:25-10:50
Biography:
Ashraf M Ahmed has completed his PhD from Keele University, UK, on 2002 and has ongoing Research Fellowship at Keele from 2004 until now, and Fellow of the Roial Society, UK, in 2004. He is a Professor of Medical Entomology at Zoology Department at El-Minia University, Egypt, (currently at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia). His current research interest is “mosquito immunity and biocontrol”, aiming at utilizing the immune response of mosquito vectors against mosquito-borne disease agents, and biological agents in the biocontrol measures against mosquito vectors. He has successfully achieved several grants for research projects, and got two currently ongoing granted projected (1.6 million Saudi Riyals each). One grant is for isolating native mosquito <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> bacteria with enhanced larvicidal activities for use in the battle against mosquito vectors in Saudi Arabia. The other grant is for isolating immune peptides from honey-bees for use as natural antibiotic against the American Foal Broad disease (AFB) that threatens the global Apiary industry. He had successfully monitored undergraduate, postgraduate students and research scholars. His academic output consists of more than 26 papers in reputed journals, membership of several Scientific societies, attended several local, national & international conferences and invited for main talks in many international conferences.
Abstract:
The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is a safe eco-friend entomopathogenic bio-control agent widely used to complement chemical control. Hence there is an urgent need for characterizing novel isolates with potent larvicidal activity against mosquito vectors. The present study was initiated to characterize new native Bacillus thuringiensis isolates with mosquitocidal activity from various samples from 16 regions across the Saudi Arabia. Various samples were collected from mosquito breeding sites across different regions in the country and screened for Bacillus thuringiensis isolation. Bacillus thuringiensis isolates were characterized on the basis of colony morphology; shape of spores and parasporal crystals and through comparisons of biochemical profiles. The larvicidal activity (LC50 and LC95) of standardized spore/crystal mixtures of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates were tested against larvae of the Rift Valley Fever (RVF) mosquito vector in Saudi Arabia, Aedes caspius at 24 hours post-treatment and compared with that of the Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti-H14). A total of 23 (out of 68 native Bacillus thuringiensis isolates) were mosquitocidal. Larvicidal strains were similar in terms of colony morphology, hemolytic and motile. Out of the 23 isolates, 9 showed significantly higher activity (LC50 range from 3.90 to 9.5 µg/ml) than the Bti-H14 (LC50 of 13.33 µg/ml) with one strain having as much as 3.4-fold higher activity than the Bti-H14. This is the first report of Bacillus thuringiensis strains native to Saudi Arabia with significantly enhanced larvicidal efficacy against the RVF mosquito Aedes caspius. These novel Bacillus thuringiensis strains may therefore contribute to novel potent biopesticides and help mitigate the risk of Bacillus thuringiensis resistance emergence in bio-control programs targeting RVF vector populations.
Barbara Bażanów
Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences
Poland
Title: Exotic vector-borne viral zoonoses - A threat for diseases-free countries?
Time : 10:50-11:15
Biography:
Barbara Bazanow has completed her PhD at the age of 30 years from WrocÅ‚aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences. Since 2004 she works as an adjunct. Her main responsibilities are the virological and serological diagnosis of the domestic and wild animal diseases, the investigations of virucidal activity and cytotoxicity of new synthesized chemical compounds and plant extracts. She is a member of PTNW (Polish Society of Veterinary Sciences) and Polish Pharmacopoeia. She was apprenticed in Johannesburg (NICD) and Pretoria (Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute) –South Africa. She has published many papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
In the case of many zoonotic viruses generally regarded as exotic, change in climate, travelling, migration of people and animals are some factors endangering disease-free areas. Serological monitoring of animals is a corner stone in outbreak prevention. These investigations afford to early detection of virus and assess scope of the problem. In our research West Nile virus (WNV), Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) were taken into consideration. Around five hundred cattle, five hundred horses and several dozen wild birds were serological investigated. Negative test results for CCHFV and RVFV were obtained. Surprisingly, a high percent of the collected sera tested positive for WNV. In recent studies antibodies against WNV were detected only in one horse. It clearly indicates spread of infection and pose a real threat of disease outbreak within human and animal population.
Biography:
Gabriela Lopez-Navarro DVM, MSc is in the final process to obtain the PhD at the National University of Mexico with the previous described study. She had been working as an Associate Professor at the Equine Medicine and Surgery Department of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine for 11 years. Research interests are focused in equine lameness; diagnosis and treatments, and diagnostic imaging ultrasound in musculoskeletal problems, as a result of many years of involvement in the clinical practice of equine sports medicine and surgery.
Abstract:
Introduction
The aim of this study was to determine if the DBLPaN has lesions that suggest compression neuropathy as a source of pain in horses that have PSD. Histologic features of the DBLPaN of the lame thoracic limb of horses with collagen-induced PSD were compared with those controls.
Objective
To compare histological features in the DBLPaN of horses with induced PSD of a thoracic limb with histological features of this nerve in the contralateral control limb.
Methods
Adult mixed breed horses (n=8) with no evidence of PSD. Desmitis was induced in a thoracic limb by ultrasound-guided injection of collagenase. Eight weeks later a 2 cm portion of the DBLPaN was removed from each thoracic limb. Results. DBPaLNs of horses with collagen-induced desmitis had evidence of degenerative nerve compression such as: proliferation of endoneural myxomatous matrix, Renault bodies and myelin degeneration.
Discussion
Persistence of thoracic limb lameness in horses with PSD may be caused by compression of the DBPaLN, which innervates the proximal aspect of the suspensory ligament and may be the cause of pain causing lameness rather than pain originating within the proximal aspect of the suspensory ligament.
Conclusions
Chronic lameness in horses affected with PSD can be caused by compression neuropathy. The protocol was approved by the FMVZ-UNAM Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
James E Collins
University of Minnesota
USA
Title: Telepathology: A new frontier for global animal diagnostics training and service
Time : 11:55-12:20
Biography:
James E Collins is the Director of the University of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and a Professor of Anatomic Pathology in the Veterinary Population Medicine Department in the College of Veterinary Medicine. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.
Abstract:
Tele-pathology, the practice of pathology at a distance, offers unique collaboration opportunities in pathology training, research and diagnostic and educational capacity building. Connecting pathology expertise and resources in one country or institution with other regions where critical knowledge and resource gaps may exist, highlights a remarkable area of improvement in targeting pathology training to the unique needs of partner institutions. In addition, this unique technology may help with the control and elimination of endemic trans-boundary animal diseases. Recent advances in web-based tele-pathology systems now enable dynamic real-time collaboration and consultation between individuals and institutions around the world. With the support of IVCC and Zoetis the University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine and the Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory has partnered with Jilin University in China and Yangling Besun Agricultural Industrial Group (Besun) pork production company to pilot a real-time, dynamic, web-based tele-pathology system, providing new opportunities to connect pathology training and collaborative efforts across two continents and three institutions.
Sameer Sawant
IDD Juvelit Group
Sweden
Title: One step ahead – To prevent mastitis in dairy animals
Time : 12:20-12:45
Biography:
Sameer Sawant has a Master’s of Veterinary Science degree and NET in Livestock Production & Management from ASRB. He is Vice-President in IDD Juvelit Group. He has completed Post-graduate in Marketing Management. He has Delivered Radio talks on “Veterinary & Animal Management” and has published more than 25 popular and research articles. He is Life member of various renowned Veterinary Associations and Management Institutes and Advisor to Vision 2020. He completed Management Development Courses: IMD, Switzerland; INSEAD, SIM, Singapore; IIM, Ahmadabad, India, was a Past Managing Board member/member and a Treasurer in Industry associations (CLFMA), (INFAH), CII, FICCI and a speaker in Industry Association Forum.
Abstract:
Bovine mastitis is very common in cows of both developed and developing countries. The prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis (SCM) varies from country to country. Various studies have been carried out to determine the prevalence of mastitis using various diagnostic tests by considering different risk factors like management practices, age, lactation, breed, season, quarters, and herd. It is observed that the older age and cows with later part of lactation period were more prone to bovine mastitis, and exotic breeds like Holstein freshen (HF) were more susceptible tobovine mastitis. Clinical and sub-clinical mastitis causes the most losses for milk producers the world over, despitethe knowledge possessed by veterinary medicine and researchers. Mastitis is the single biggest cause of slaughter amongst dairy cows in the world. Milk producers can handsomely profit from addressing the long-term health of their livestock udders. Many factors affect this health status, ranging from feed and water to the cow’s immediate environment; bedding material, hay quality, general barn hygiene, milking procedures etc. There are no short cuts when it comes to udder health. It requires targeted initiatives and determination by both livestock supervisor and owners to achieve long lasting change. There are countless success stories when udder health is actively addressed on a daily basis. The prevalence of subclinical and clinical mastitis was more in single and two quarters, respectively, and the rate of bovine mastitis was more in unorganized herds. It reflects that SCM is directly associated with management practices, age, lactation period, and environmental factors of the cow and clinical mastitis is more associated with breed, management and environmental conditions.
Mariano Hernandez Gil
National Autonomous University of Mexico
Mexico
Title: Equine welfare in practice: A handy method to spot behavioural, physical and clinical aspects threatening equid-human relationships
Time : 12:45-13:10
Biography:
Mariano Hernández Gil obtained a degree in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (MVZ) from the National Autonomous University of Mexico. Thereafter, he moved to the Autonomous University of Yucatan to obtain a Master’s degree (MC) in Animal Nutrition. After that, he joined The Donkey Sanctuary - World Horse Welfare - UNAM joint program to improve the quality of life of working equids in Mexico, collaborating to identify factors putting welfare of equids at risk and addressing root causes. He is currently the head of the Equine Department at the College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of UNAM and the Country Manager of The Donkey Sanctuary - UNAM Program. Involved in education, extension and practice he promoted the benefits of proceeding with welfare in mind, always standing up by what a professional must listen from people in “equid-humanship” while incorporating developments in science.
Abstract:
Equids make a valuable contribution to humanity by satisfying social, cultural, physical, emotional, mental or economic needs. However, their performance depends greatly on their welfare. Whilst it is recognised that the welfare of the animal is a key factor in the management of a patient, veterinarians often do not take the time to assess and discuss the animal’s welfare with the owners. Early detection of a welfare problem, either by the vet or the owner, allows a quicker intervention and a better outcome for the animal and, in due course, for the humans relying on them. The aim of this presentation is to share experiences of the donkey sanctuary – UNAM Program on how we assess equine welfare in practice, using a simple but structured tool based on the hand to remind the assessor which behavioural, physical and clinical aspects to look for. The palm of the hand represents the life of the equine, its husbandry and its working practices, and the five fingers represent the main welfare indicators: 1) Human-equid interaction; 2) nutritional state; 3) wounds; 4) lameness; and 5) disease. The Hand reminds us to look at our equines in a holistic way, recognising that their welfare is a product of how they are used and the relationships between the owners and their animals. Through the five welfare indicators, we can rapidly assess the primary welfare problems. This approach allows us to prioritise where and how we work, targeting our resources to alleviate specific welfare problems of the equines in our program.
Biography:
Ahmed Hassan has completed his PhD at the age of 31 years, faculty member in Cairo University, former Fulbright postdoctoral researcher, Iowa state university, Animal science department. He has worked for King Faisal University (KFU) since 2008. He is the scientific supervisor of poultry research unit, KFU. He has special interest in local chicken breed conservation and the relationship between genetic makeup and immune performance of chicken under harsh environments. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals,9 funded research projects and has been serving as a scientific reviewer for the Fulbright commission Cairo regional office.
Abstract:
Forty-five Hisex commercial layers and forty-five local Saudi breed layers were used to compare and assess the effect of water restriction under hot conditions on blood constituents and immune response to Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine. The trial was divided into three periods: control (7 day), water restriction (14 day) and rehydration (7 day). During water restriction, layers from each breed was divided into three groups that received 0%, 20% and 40% restriction of drinking water relative to the control period. The immune response against ND was affected by breed; it also declined significantly with 40% water restriction 10 dayspost-restriction. Water restriction did not affect hematocrit value, plasma total protein, albumin, glucose or osmolality, which may not suggest a reduction in plasma volume. However, plasma creatinine increased in both breeds because of water restriction that remained elevated during rehydration. Water restriction increased plasma urea in the local group, while it decreased in the commercial group. Irrespective of rate of water restriction, it can be concluded that the two breeds can withstand up to 40% water restriction during high environmental temperature. However, the local breed may be superior in water conservation in relation to the commercial layers.
Fernanda Carlini Cunha dos Santos
Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel)
Brazil
Title: Hematoma in the spermatic cord in association with orchitis in a stallion
Biography:
Fernanda graduated in Veterinary Medicine at Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. She completed the internship at Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), RS, Brasil and the Master’s degree at UFPel, with emphasis in Equine Reproduction. Nowadays works at UFPel as temporary professor (animal reproduction and obstetrics) and researcher in Equine Reproduction field.
Abstract:
Reproductive tract injuries may result in impotentiacoeundiand generandi, therefore requiring periodic evaluation. This study aimed to report a case of hematoma in pampiniform plexus and orchitis in a stallion.An equine, male,Crioulobreed, 6 years-old, was attended during reproductive season due to an increase in scrotal volume. During clinical evaluation all vital parameters were within reference limits and it was observed enlarged, edema, heat and pain in the scrotum and testicules bilaterally. In the dorsal board of right testicle, in the spermatic cord, there was a structure firm to palpation and anecoicat ultrasound exam. In Eco Doppler exam it was observed anechoic liquid in vaginal tunic, compatible with transudate, and an anechoic structure with irregular edges, avascularized, 2.7cm width and 1.3 cm height.The diagnosis was hematoma in the spermatic in association with orchids. Initial treatment was based on flunixinmeglumine 1.1 mg/kg IV, dexametasone 0.01mg/kg IV for 3 days and cold bath for 20 minutes. After 7 days, inflammatory local signs have declined. After 15 days, the stallion showed again scrotaledema and was treated with pentoxifylline6 mg/kg PO for 30 days, dexamethasone 0.05 mg/kg IV for 3 days and cold bath. After 83 days,there was no inflammatory signs in the reproductive tract and testicular parenchyma had homogeneous echogenicity.The diagnosis was based on clinical, hematologic, seminal and ultrasonography evaluation, which confirmed the presence of a hematoma in the pampiniform plexus and testicular inflammation. The stallion was regularly assessed and responded to therapy approach, with a favorable prognosis.
Vlatko Ilieski
Animal Welfare Center
Macedonia
Title: Usage of tri-axial acceleration of the hind leg for recognizing sheep behavior
Biography:
Vlatko Ilieski worked as a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary faculty Zagreb, Croatia (1991). He completed his MSc studies on “Coronary Circulations at different Brides of Swine†at the Institute of Functional morphology Medicine faculty-Skopje in the year 1996. He obtained his PhD working on the topic: Morphological characterizations on coronary arteries in relations of myocardium in swine heart at Faculty of veterinary medicine, Skopje (1999). Then after completion of his PhD he became a full Professor in Anatomy for Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Skopje, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Appointed Professor For Animal Welfare and currently teaching in Anatomy of domestic animals, Animal welfare, Protection of animals used for research and education. His research focuses on field of Functional morphology, Animal welfare and 3R concepts.
Abstract:
Measuring the leg position and its motion could indicate strong distinction between sheep’s lying, standing and gait types which could define sheep behavior and their welfare state. Tri-axial accelerometer simultaneously records acceleration and inclination through measurement of an analogue signal in each of its three axes (X, Y and Z) converting it to gravity units on different time logging interval. The objective of this study was to analyze the position and locomotion of the sheep’s hind leg using attached accelerometer and to interpret the gathered data. Six sheep (3 rams and 3 ewes) divided in two groups (gender division) were used in this experiment. HOBO Pendant G tri-axial acceleration data logger was attached on the lateral side of the metatarsal region on the left hind leg. For the standing position the acceleration of the x-axis was in range 0.8 and 1 g (x̅=0.937±0.035) and the sum vector was from 0.85-1.3 g (x̅=0.988±0.006) with the time interval longer than 0.7 seconds. The single step analysis of walking and running showed distinctive patterns of the x-axis acceleration during stance and swing phase. The frequencies of acceleration values of x-axis and sum vector showed significant differences in the category 0-1 g for walking. Defining thresholds based on the frequencies of acceleration values are the most reliable approach for acceleration analysis. The defined thresholds for sheep can be used for behavioral research and sheep locomotion as well as a tool for herd and sheep behavior and animal welfare assessment
Khaja Mohteshamuddin
Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University
India
Title: Therapeutics of immunomodulatory approach for treatment of infertility in bovines
Biography:
Khaja Mohteshamuddin is currently working at Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, India.
Abstract:
Infertility in bovines had been a major cause of concern for the dairy/beef farmer. In order to produce a calf per year, the reproductive management has to be in synchrony with the common managerial practices in the farm and hence requires the latest reproductive management tools to aid such thing. With increased inflation in the food commodities and particularly in prices of FMCG, every liter of milk owe lot of economic value to the farmer, hence optimum reproduction followed by production is the need of the hour in developing countries. Hence reproductive management with advanced reproductive tools has gained lot of importance in the recent past. Infertility is the major reproductive threat posing severe economic losses to the farmers’ livelihood. One of the major causes of infertility is sub-clinical, retrograde uterine infections. Several antibiotics have been tried by different scientists with varying results. Recent approach warrants the use of immunomodulator therapy, clearing infection, increasing uterine tone, avoiding antibiotic resistance and residues, and hence acting as the most effective and economic approach in augmenting fertility.
Tsegay Teklebrhan
Haramaya University
Ethiopia
Title: Assessment of commercial feedlot finishing practices at eastern Shoa, Ethiopia
Biography:
Tsegay Teklebrhan has completed his Rank of Assistant Professor at the age of 28 years from Haramaya University. Currently he is engaged in Teaching, Research and community service. He has published more than 7 articles in reputed journals.
Abstract:
This study was conducted to characterize and identify husbandry practice and major constraints of commercial feedlot industries in the study area. Forty eight commercial feedlot farms were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results showed that, livestock species such as cattle, shoat and camels were used in commercial fattening though significant variation in demand among species. Cattle had got highest acceptance in feedlot industries followed by shoat however; camel and swine had least preference. All cattle breeds had equal requirement by domestic market. However, there is variation in demand among cattle breeds for export market. Boran was the most preferred cattle breed compared to the rest of cattle by the importers. Uncast rated bull demanded for export market however, castrated and female cattle were not used for export markets. Pastoralists were the potential supplier of feeder livestock followed by small holders to feedlot industries. Teff straw was predominantly used roughage feed in most of commercial feedlot farms and agro-industrial by products as a source of concentrate. However, sorghum and maize grains were utilized by very few farms. Vitamin and mineral supplementation were not often available except, common salt in all feedlot rations. Market was noted as the most potential constraints followed by feed and type of livestock coming to the markets in the commercial feedlot industries. The study suggested that, government and other development partners should provided and improve all services to pastoralists or producers in an organized way at their locality that would ensure sustainable supply of livestock to the market.
Olufunmilayo A. Adebambo
Federal University of Agriculture
Nigeria
Title: Molecular characterization for genetic improvement of the indigenous chicken types in Nigeria
Biography:
Olufunmilayo Adebambo completed her PhD in Animal Breeding and Genetics at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria in 1976 at the age of 28 years. She became a Professor in 1996 at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. She was the first Head of Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics from 1993 to 2000, the Dean of the College of Animal Science and Livestock Production from 2000 to 2006, member of the University’s Governing Council from 2001 to 2005, foundation Council member of the Nigerian Institute of Animal Science, the regulatory body for all Animal Husbandry Practices in Nigeria from 2007 to 2010 and the Project Leader for Indigenous Poultry breeds development for Nigeria funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. She has more than 140 publications in reputed journals and refereed conference proceedings.
Abstract:
The Indigenous chicken strains of Nigeria are of small body size, laying few and small sized eggs but are relatively rugged, adapted and tolerant of several endemic local diseases yet surviving as scavengers.
Genetic characterization of the strains started in 1994, while molecular characterization started in 2004. Using 15 microsatellite markers, we studied the mean number of MS alleles per population in 3 populations from 3 regions of the country. A range of 5.27±0.51 alleles for NW to 6.20±0.66 for SW chickens, while effective number of allele contributing to the population ranged from 2.10±0.17 for NE to 2.82±0.24 for SW chickens with observed heterozygosity from 0.40±0.06 to 0.53±0.05 for NE and SW chickens.
To assess genetic diversity of the birds, blood samples were analysed from the four strains for protein resolution using SDS–PAGE. The dendrogram developed revealed that the strains were clearly separated from one another with mean genetic similarity of 55%, the naked neck strain being the most divergent. The diversity was further determined in relation to other African and Asian chicken genotypes in a collaborative study using mitochondrial DNA markers to quantify maternal evolutionary trend in relation to World Clade distribution. in a diverse gene pool using high density (600k) SNP array. Our findings showed observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.3±0.04 (Ethiopia) to 0.36±0.04 (Pakistan). SNPs, deviation from HWE (p≤0.05) was least in Kenyan chicken (0.96%) and highest was in Ethiopian chicken (1.57%). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed modest separation of the 6 populations. Using ï¬rst and second principal components (PC1 and PC2) 44.34% and 4.39% of the total variation could be explained, respectively, while admixture analysis and phylogenetic tree grouped the populations to 3 clusters.
To make the indigenous chicken commercially viable and sustainable, marker assisted selection based on genome wide and Epi-genome wide SNP markers will be pursued to speed up improvement program for various qualitative and quantitative traits.
Petros Admasu
Jigjiga University
Ethiopia
Title: In vivo antirabies activity evaluation of hydroethanolic extract of roots and leaves of Phytolacca dodecandra
Biography:
Petros Admasu is currently working at Jigjiga University, Ethiopia.
Abstract:
Rabies remains a major cause of death and severe economic impact in Ethiopia regardless of the availability of effective vaccines for its control. Where rabies vaccines are physical inaccessible and economically unaffordable, folk drugs is an option for rabies treatment in different areas of Ethiopia. Phytolacca dodecandra is used widely for traditional treatment of rabies. The study was undertaken to evaluate antirabies activity of hydroethanolic extract of roots and leaves of P.dodecandra by using mice model. All groups of mice challenged with rabies virus (CVS-11) containing 50-200MIMLD50 at day 0. Treatment groups of mice were orally administered with dose of 300, 600 and 1000 mg/kg of both parts of the plant extract dissolved with 1ml distilled water for seven consecutive days after an hour of CVS challenge. Control group of mice only administered with distilled water as placebo. Comparison of group of mice made based on the difference in survival rate and period (days). The result showed all doses of roots and, 300 and 600mg/kg doses of leaves of the plant extract didn’t significantly (P>0.05) increase the survival period of mice compared to the control group. However, 1000 mg/kg dose of leaves of the plant extract was significantly (P<0.05) increased the survival period of mice as compared to control group. Though the finding indicated the existence of some antirabies activity in extract of leaves of P.dodecandra at higher dose, the plant didn’t safe mice from deaths. Further research (elucidating its active principles) is needed before using the plant to treat rabies.